Xu Yaohui, Zhou Xiao, Jiang Zenghai, Qi Yaru, Ed-Dra Abdelaziz, Yue Min
College of Veterinary Medicine, Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou 450046, China.
Department of Veterinary Medicine, Institute of Preventive Veterinary Sciences, College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Antibiotics (Basel). 2021 Sep 24;10(10):1156. doi: 10.3390/antibiotics10101156.
continues to be a major food and public health burden worldwide that can threaten human health via eating contaminated meats, particularly those originating from chicken. In this study, the antimicrobial resistance profiles, epidemiological characteristics of resistance genes, and pulsed field gel electrophoresis (PFGE-XbaI) typing of 120 non-Pullorum/Gallinarum isolates recovered from chicken embryos in Henan province were determined. The antimicrobial resistant phenotypes and evaluation of the extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains of were investigated by the Kirby-Bauer test and the double-disk synergy test. Additionally, 37 antimicrobial resistance genes encoding resistance to five different categories, including aminoglycosides, cephalosporins, sulphonamides, tetracyclines, and β-lactams, were examined by conventional PCR. However, genotyping analysis was conducted by macro-restriction using enzyme XbaI followed by the separation of the restricted DNA fragments by PFGE. The results of this study showed that the studied strains were highly resistant to ampicillin (66.67%) and sulfisoxazole (66.67%), while they were all susceptible to meropenem, imipenem, colistin, and chloramphenicol. Additionally, 67.5% (81/120) of the studied strains were multidrug resistant, and 21.67% (26/120) were phenotypically confirmed as ESBLs positive. The statistical analysis showed that resistance depends on the serovars, and ESBLs positive strains showed more multi-resistance than ESBLs negative strains ( < 0.05). The genotypic antimicrobial resistance showed the detection of 14 among the 37 tested genes, and the concordance between genotypic and phenotypic antimicrobial resistance ranged from 0% to 100% depending on the serovars. However, the PFGE-XbaI typing results showed that the examined strains were divided into 22 individual subtypes and were grouped in nine clusters, with similarity values ranging from 64.7% to 100%. From this study, we can conclude that the antimicrobial resistance of serovars isolated from chicken embryos in Henan province was alarming, with rigorous multidrug resistance, which requires the urgent mitigation of the use of antimicrobial drugs in chicken hatcheries. Additionally, our results showed evidence of the presence of different PFGE patterns among the studied serovars, suggesting the presence of different sources of contamination.
仍然是全球主要的食品和公共卫生负担，可通过食用受污染的肉类，尤其是源自鸡肉的肉类，威胁人类健康。在本研究中，测定了从河南省鸡胚中分离出的120株非鸡白痢/鸡伤寒沙门氏菌菌株的抗菌药物耐药谱、耐药基因的流行病学特征以及脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE-XbaI）分型。通过 Kirby-Bauer 试验和双纸片协同试验研究了这些菌株的抗菌药物耐药表型以及产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBLs）菌株的评估情况。此外，通过常规PCR检测了37个编码对五类不同抗菌药物（包括氨基糖苷类、头孢菌素类、磺胺类、四环素类和β-内酰胺类）耐药的抗菌药物耐药基因。然而，基因分型分析是通过使用XbaI酶进行宏观限制性内切，随后通过PFGE分离限制性DNA片段来进行的。本研究结果表明，所研究的菌株对氨苄西林（66.67%）和磺胺异恶唑（66.67%）高度耐药，而它们对美罗培南、亚胺培南、黏菌素和氯霉素均敏感。此外，67.5%（81/120）的所研究菌株对多种药物耐药，21.67%（26/120）在表型上被确认为ESBLs阳性。统计分析表明，耐药性取决于血清型，ESBLs阳性菌株比ESBLs阴性菌株表现出更多的多重耐药性（P<0.05）。基因分型抗菌药物耐药性显示在37个检测基因中检测到14个，基因分型和表型抗菌药物耐药性之间的一致性根据血清型在0%至100%之间。然而，PFGE-XbaI分型结果表明，所检测的菌株被分为22个个体亚型，并分为9个簇，相似性值范围为64.7%至100%。从本研究中，我们可以得出结论，从河南省鸡胚中分离出的沙门氏菌血清型的抗菌药物耐药性令人担忧，存在严重的多重耐药性，这需要紧急减少鸡孵化场中抗菌药物的使用。此外，我们的结果显示在所研究的沙门氏菌血清型中存在不同的PFGE模式，表明存在不同的污染源。
