Kui Ling, Xiang Guisheng, Wang Ya, Wang Zijun, Li Guorong, Li Dawei, Yan Jing, Ye Shuang, Wang Chunping, Yang Ling, Zhang Shiyu, Zhang Shuangyan, Zhou Ling, Gui Heng, Xu Jianchu, Chen Wei, Zhang Jun, Huang Tingyuan, Majeed Aasim, Sheng Jun, Dong Yang
Shenzhen Qianhai Shekou Free Trade Zone Hospital, Shenzhen, China.
Yunnan Agricultural University Applied Genomics Technology Laboratory, School of Biological Big Data, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.
Front Microbiol. 2021 Oct 15;12:745225. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.745225. eCollection 2021.
There is a special interaction between the environment, soil microorganisms, and tea plants, which constitute the ecosystem of tea plantations. Influenced by environmental factors and human management, the changes in soil microbial community affected the growth, quality, and yield of tea plants. However, little is known about the composition and structure of soil bacterial and fungal communities in 100-year-old tea plantations and the mechanisms by which they are affected. In this regard, we characterized the microbiome of tea plantation soils by considering the bacterial and fungal communities in 448 soil samples from 101 ancient tea plantations in eight counties of Lincang city, which is one of the tea domestication centers in the world. 16S and Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) rRNA high-throughput amplicon sequencing techniques were applied in this study. The results showed that the abundance, diversity, and composition of the bacterial and fungal communities have different sensitivity with varying pH, altitude, and latitude. pH and altitude affect soil microbial communities, and bacterial communities are more sensitive than fungi in terms of abundance and diversity to pH. The highest α-diversity of bacterial communities is shown in the pH 4.50-5.00 and 2,200-m group, and fungi peaked in the pH 5.00-5.50 and 900-m group. Because of environmental and geographical factors, all microbes are similarly changing, and further correlations showed that the composition and structure of bacterial communities are more sensitive than fungal communities, which were affected by latitude and altitude. In conclusion, the interference of anthropogenic activities plays a more important role in governing fungal community selection than environmental or geographical factors, whereas for the bacterial community, it is more selective to environment adaptation than to adaptation to human activities.
环境、土壤微生物和茶树之间存在着一种特殊的相互作用，它们共同构成了茶园生态系统。受环境因素和人类管理的影响，土壤微生物群落的变化会影响茶树的生长、品质和产量。然而，对于百年老茶园土壤细菌和真菌群落的组成和结构及其受影响的机制却知之甚少。在这方面，我们通过对世界茶树驯化中心之一的临沧市八个县101个古茶园448份土壤样品中的细菌和真菌群落进行分析，对茶园土壤微生物群落进行了表征。本研究采用了16S和内转录间隔区（ITS）rRNA高通量扩增子测序技术。结果表明，细菌和真菌群落的丰度、多样性和组成对不同的pH值、海拔和纬度具有不同的敏感性。pH值和海拔影响土壤微生物群落，在丰度和多样性方面，细菌群落对pH值比真菌群落更敏感。细菌群落的最高α多样性出现在pH值为4.50 - 5.00且海拔为2200米的组中，真菌群落的α多样性在pH值为5.00 - 5.50且海拔为900米的组中达到峰值。由于环境和地理因素，所有微生物都在类似地发生变化，进一步的相关性分析表明，细菌群落的组成和结构比真菌群落对纬度和海拔更敏感。总之，人为活动的干扰在控制真菌群落选择方面比环境或地理因素发挥着更重要的作用，而对于细菌群落来说，它对环境适应的选择性比对人类活动适应的选择性更强。
