Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510100, China.
Department of Pediatric, The Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China.
Cardiovasc Ther. 2021 Oct 12;2021:3364418. doi: 10.1155/2021/3364418. eCollection 2021.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which are associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide, include atherosclerosis (AS), hypertension, heart failure (HF), atrial fibrillation, and myocardial fibrosis. CVDs are influenced by the diversity, distribution, and metabolites of intestinal microflora, and their risk can be reduced through physical activity (PA) such as regular exercise. PA benefits the metabolic changes that occur in the gut microbiota (GM). The major metabolites of the GM influence pathogenesis of CVDs through various pathways. However, the relationship between PA and GM is less well understood. In this review, we discuss the impacts of different types of PA on intestinal microflora including the diversity, distribution, metabolites, and intestinal barrier function including intestinal permeability, with a focus on the mechanisms by which PA affects GM. We also discuss how GM influences CVDs. Finally, we summarize current research and knowledge on the effects of PA on CVD via regulation of the GM and intestinal function. More understanding of relevant relationship between PA and GM may provide hope for the prevention or treatment of CVDs. Furthermore, a better understanding of regulation of the GM and intestinal function may lead to novel diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, improving the clinical care of CVD patients.
心血管疾病（CVDs）在全球范围内与高发病率和死亡率相关，包括动脉粥样硬化（AS）、高血压、心力衰竭（HF）、心房颤动和心肌纤维化。CVDs 受肠道微生物多样性、分布和代谢物的影响，通过体育活动（PA）如定期运动可以降低其风险。PA 有益于肠道微生物群（GM）发生的代谢变化。GM 的主要代谢物通过各种途径影响 CVD 的发病机制。然而，PA 和 GM 之间的关系还不太清楚。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了不同类型的 PA 对肠道微生物群的影响，包括多样性、分布、代谢物和肠道屏障功能，包括肠道通透性，重点讨论了 PA 影响 GM 的机制。我们还讨论了 GM 如何影响 CVDs。最后，我们总结了目前关于 PA 通过调节 GM 和肠道功能对 CVD 影响的研究和知识。对 PA 和 GM 之间相关关系的更多了解可能为 CVD 的预防或治疗提供希望。此外，对 GM 和肠道功能调节的更好理解可能会导致新的诊断和治疗策略，改善 CVD 患者的临床护理。
