Duan Yu, Yang Jing, Xie Jin-Bo, Xie Peng, Qi Yan-Shuang, Zhao Min-Tong, Piao Xiang-Lan
School of Pharmacy, Minzu University of China Beijing 100081, China.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi. 2021 Oct;46(20):5314-5319. doi: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20210702.201.
Heat-processed Gynostemma pentaphyllum has strong biological activity, and saponins are the main components. To investigate the changes of saponins in G. pentaphyllum before and after heat processing, the present study determined and analyzed the content of nine saponins in G. pentaphyllum from Zhangzhou of Fujian and Jinxiu of Guangxi by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole ion-trap mass spectrometry(UPLC-Q-Trap-MS). The separation of the analytes was performed on an ACQUITY UPLC BEH C_(18) column(2.1 mm×50 mm, 1.7 μm) at 30 ℃, with acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid in water as the mobile phase by gradient elution, and the flow rate was 0.3 mL·min(-1). Quantitative analysis was performed using electrospray ionization source(ESI) in the multiple reaction-monitoring(MRM) mode. The results showed that the content of saponins with biological activities increased after heat processing. Specifically, gypenoside L, gypenoside LI, damulin A, damulin B, ginsenoside Rg_3(S), and ginsenoside Rg_3(R) in G. pentaphyllum produced in Zhangzhou of Fujian increased by 7.369, 8.289, 12.155, 7.587, 0.929, and 1.068 μg·g(-1), respectively, while the content of ginsenoside Rd, gypenoside LVI, and gypenoside XLVI, which were abundant in the raw materials, decreased by 0.779, 19.37, and 9.19 μg·g(-1), respectively. The content of gypenoside L, gypenoside LI, damulin A, damulin B, ginsenoside Rg_3(S), and ginsenoside Rg_3(R) in G. pentaphyllum produced in Jinxiu of Guangxi increased by 0.100, 0.161, 0.317, 0.228, 3.280, and 3.395 μg·g(-1), respectively, while the content of ginsenoside Rd, gypenoside LVI, and gypenoside XLVI in the raw materials was reduced by 1.661, 0.014, and 0.010 μg·g~(-1), respectively. The results suggest that heat processing is an effective way to transform rare gypenosides. Furthermore, it is found that there are great differences in the content of gypenosides in different regions.
热加工绞股蓝具有较强的生物活性，皂苷是其主要成分。为研究绞股蓝热加工前后皂苷的变化情况，本研究采用超高效液相色谱-四极杆离子阱质谱联用仪（UPLC-Q-Trap-MS）测定并分析了福建漳州和广西金秀绞股蓝中9种皂苷的含量。分析物在ACQUITY UPLC BEH C₁₈色谱柱（2.1 mm×50 mm，1.7 μm）上于30℃进行分离，以乙腈和0.1%甲酸水溶液为流动相进行梯度洗脱，流速为0.3 mL·min⁻¹。采用电喷雾电离源（ESI）在多反应监测（MRM）模式下进行定量分析。结果表明，热加工后具有生物活性的皂苷含量增加。具体而言，福建漳州产绞股蓝中绞股蓝皂苷L、绞股蓝皂苷LI、达玛烷型皂苷A、达玛烷型皂苷B、人参皂苷Rg₃（S）和人参皂苷Rg₃（R）的含量分别增加了7.369、8.289、12.155、7.587、0.929和1.068 μg·g⁻¹，而原料中含量较高的人参皂苷Rd、绞股蓝皂苷LVI和绞股蓝皂苷XLVI的含量分别降低了0.779、19.37和9.19 μg·g⁻¹。广西金秀产绞股蓝中绞股蓝皂苷L、绞股蓝皂苷LI、达玛烷型皂苷A、达玛烷型皂苷B、人参皂苷Rg₃（S）和人参皂苷Rg₃（R）的含量分别增加了0.100、0.161、0.317、0.228、3.280和3.395 μg·g⁻¹，而原料中人参皂苷Rd、绞股蓝皂苷LVI和绞股蓝皂苷XLVI的含量分别降低了1.661、0.014和0.010 μg·g⁻¹。结果表明，热加工是转化稀有绞股蓝皂苷的有效方法。此外，还发现不同地区绞股蓝皂苷含量存在很大差异。
