Green A, Willett W C, Colditz G A, Stampfer M J, Bain C, Rosner B, Hennekens C H, Speizer F E
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1987 Aug;79(2):253-7.
Aromatic amines contained in permanent hair dyes can be absorbed percutaneously and are mutagenic and carcinogenic in some laboratory studies. Concern has been raised that use of these dyes may increase the risk of human cancers. Therefore, the present study examined the relationship between permanent hair dye use and incidence of breast cancer among 118,404 U.S. women aged 30-55 years who were followed prospectively for 6 years. Among women who had ever used permanent hair dyes, 353 developed breast cancer during 246,848 person-years of follow-up, while 505 cases occurred during 397,460 person-years among never users (age-adjusted rate ratio = 1.1; 95% confidence interval = 0.9-1.2). Identical rate ratios were observed when women who had ever used hair dyes were subdivided into current and past users. Adjustment for known determinants of breast cancer in multivariate models did not alter these relationships. The risk of breast cancer did not increase with more frequent use, longer duration of use, or interval since first use. On the basis of these data and previous findings, it appears unlikely that the use of permanent hair dyes causes any important increase in risk of breast cancer.
永久性染发剂中含有的芳香胺可经皮肤吸收，并且在一些实验室研究中具有致突变性和致癌性。人们担心使用这些染发剂可能会增加患人类癌症的风险。因此，本研究调查了118404名年龄在30至55岁之间的美国女性中，使用永久性染发剂与乳腺癌发病率之间的关系，这些女性被前瞻性随访了6年。在曾经使用过永久性染发剂的女性中，在246848人年的随访期间有353人患乳腺癌，而在从未使用者的397460人年中有505例发病（年龄调整率比=1.1；95%置信区间=0.9-1.2）。当将曾经使用过染发剂的女性细分为当前使用者和过去使用者时，观察到相同的率比。在多变量模型中对已知的乳腺癌决定因素进行调整后，这些关系并未改变。乳腺癌风险并未随着使用频率增加、使用时间延长或首次使用后的间隔时间而增加。基于这些数据和先前的研究结果，使用永久性染发剂似乎不太可能导致乳腺癌风险有任何显著增加。
