Ferraz Young Andrea
Brazilian National Center of Monitoring and Early Warning of Natural Disasters (Cemaden), Rua Saulo de Carvalho Luz, 111 - Chácara CNEO, Campinas, São Paulo 13033-195, Brazil.
Sustain Cities Soc. 2022 Jan;76:103450. doi: 10.1016/j.scs.2021.103450. Epub 2021 Oct 21.
This paper is divided into two parts to explore some aspects of municipal development related to national and subnational investments in disaster risk reduction and urban sustainability related to Covid-19 and climate change response. In Part I, a survey on disasters and national transfers to 45 Brazilian municipalities is presented. In Part II, the local-scale approach enabled to compare the areas most affected by COVID-19 with those impacted by climate change. There are large uncertainties around financial support from the federal government and their impact at local scale. São Paulo city was chosen because it reveals some important aspects of spatial structure carried out through local investments. In this sense, updated information on floods and warmer surfaces were updated to provoke a discussion about a potential confluence with the effects of pandemic. The results highlighted the effects of scarce federal transfers and the maps help us to identify the spatial distribution of people at risk, which can be beneficial for municipal decisions as they highlight a significative relationship between pandemic effects and an uneven social structure. In conclusion, the trade-off between this unequal structure and a necessary and effectively sustainable change leads us to reflect on local investment trends.
本文分为两部分，探讨城市发展中与国家和次国家层面在减少灾害风险方面的投资以及与新冠疫情和气候变化应对相关的城市可持续性有关的一些方面。在第一部分，呈现了对45个巴西城市的灾害及国家转移支付情况的调查。在第二部分，地方层面的方法能够将受新冠疫情影响最严重的地区与受气候变化影响的地区进行比较。联邦政府的财政支持及其在地方层面的影响存在很大的不确定性。选择圣保罗市是因为它揭示了通过地方投资所形成的空间结构的一些重要方面。从这个意义上说，更新了关于洪水和地表升温的信息，以引发关于与疫情影响可能产生的交汇点的讨论。结果突出了联邦转移支付不足的影响，这些地图有助于我们识别风险人群的空间分布，这对城市决策有益，因为它们凸显了疫情影响与不均衡社会结构之间的重要关系。总之，这种不平等结构与必要且有效可持续变革之间的权衡促使我们思考地方投资趋势。
