Department of Family Medicine and Emergency Medicine, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
Faculty of Nursing, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Ann Fam Med. 2021 Nov-Dec;19(6):540-546. doi: 10.1370/afm.2717.
The case study design is particularly useful for implementation analysis of complex health care innovations in primary care that can be influenced by the context of dynamic environments. Case studies may be combined with participatory approaches where academics conduct joint research with nonacademic stakeholders, to foster translation of findings results into practice. The aim of this article is to clarify epistemological and methodological considerations of case studies with a participatory approach. It also aims to propose best practice recommendations when using this case study approach. We distinguish between the participatory case study with full co-construction and co-governance, and the case study with a participatory approach whereby stakeholders are consulted in certain phases of the research. We then compare the epistemological posture of 3 prominent case study methodologists, Yin, Stake, and Merriam, to present the epistemological posture of case studies with a participatory approach. The relevance, applications, and procedures of a case study with a participatory approach methodology are illustrated through a concrete example of a primary care research program (PriCARE). We propose 12 steps for designing and conducting a case study with a participatory approach that may help guide researchers in the implementation analysis of complex health care innovations in primary care.
案例研究设计特别适用于在初级保健中对复杂医疗保健创新进行实施分析，因为这些创新可能会受到动态环境背景的影响。案例研究可以与参与式方法相结合，在这种方法中，学者与非学术利益相关者共同进行研究，以促进研究结果转化为实践。本文旨在阐明具有参与式方法的案例研究的认识论和方法论考虑因素。它还旨在提出使用这种案例研究方法的最佳实践建议。我们区分了具有完全共同构建和共同治理的参与式案例研究，以及在研究的某些阶段咨询利益相关者的具有参与式方法的案例研究。然后，我们将三位著名的案例研究方法论学家 Yin、Stake 和 Merriam 的认识论立场进行比较，以展示具有参与式方法的案例研究的认识论立场。通过初级保健研究计划（PriCARE）的具体示例，说明了参与式案例研究方法的相关性、应用和程序。我们提出了设计和进行具有参与式方法的案例研究的 12 个步骤，这可能有助于指导研究人员在初级保健中对复杂医疗保健创新进行实施分析。
