Feng Xin, Chen Xiaolin, Zheng Xucan, Zhu Hui, Qi Qien, Liu Shen, Zhang Huihua, Che Jianwei
School of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, Foshan, China.
Foshan Nanhai Poultry Breeding Co., Ltd., Foshan, China.
Front Nutr. 2021 Oct 29;8:747294. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.747294. eCollection 2021.
Exosomes are nanosized phospholipid bilayer vesicles released to the extracellular environment. Exosomes from various tissues or cells are being studied and there has been a growing interest in milk exosomes research due to their emerging role as messengers between cells and the fact that it can be produced in large quantities with rich source of milk. Milk derived exosomes (MDEs) contain lipids, microRNAs, proteins, mRNAs as well as DNA. Studies of exosome cargo have been conducted widely in many research areas, especially exosomal miRNAs. In this paper, we reviewed the current knowledge in isolation and identification, cargos, functions mainly in intestinal tract and immunity system of MDEs. Its application as drug carriers and diseases biomarker are also discussed. Furthermore, we also consider critical challenges of MDEs application and provide possible directions for future research.
外泌体是释放到细胞外环境中的纳米级磷脂双分子层囊泡。来自各种组织或细胞的外泌体正在被研究，并且由于其作为细胞间信使的新作用以及可以从丰富的牛奶来源大量生产，对牛奶外泌体的研究兴趣日益增加。源自牛奶的外泌体（MDEs）包含脂质、微小RNA、蛋白质、信使RNA以及DNA。外泌体货物的研究已在许多研究领域广泛开展，尤其是外泌体微小RNA。在本文中，我们综述了目前关于MDEs的分离与鉴定、货物成分、主要在肠道和免疫系统中的功能的知识。还讨论了其作为药物载体和疾病生物标志物的应用。此外，我们还考虑了MDEs应用的关键挑战，并为未来研究提供了可能的方向。
