Tiwari Sekhar, Verma Sachin Kumar, Bhagat Pratima, Yadav Smriti, Sharma Rajesh, Aseri Gajendra Kumar, Sohal Jagdip Singh, Sharma Deepansh, Dwivedi Umesh Kumar, Singh Ranjan, Singh Deepti, Khare Neeraj
P P Savani University, Dhamdod, Kosamba, Surat, Gujarat India.
Amity Institute of Microbial Technology, Amity University Rajasthan, Kant-Kalwar, Jaipur, Rajasthan India.
3 Biotech. 2021 Nov;11(11):478. doi: 10.1007/s13205-021-03014-0. Epub 2021 Oct 29.
Nanotechnology is an emerging branch of science wherein various valuable molecules with altered properties can be synthesized and utilized for numerous technological applications. Nowadays, nanotechnology is the preferred tool for the agriculture, food, and medicine industries. However, consistent accumulation of toxic by-products during the synthesis of nanoparticles from the established physical and chemical methods imposes an unprecedented danger to the environment and human well-being. The biological route for the synthesis of nanoparticles offers a potential option over the conventional chemical synthesis process due to the involvement of non-toxic and environmentally friendly materials, such as plants, fungi, bacteria, etc. Phytosynthesis, a type of biological synthesis, utilizes various combinations of secondary metabolites from different plant parts (whole plant, leaves, fruit peel, root, bark, seeds, and stem) for non-toxic and environmentally friendly nanoparticles fabrication. Non-toxic and environmentally friendly secondary metabolites derived from plants are the sources of reducing and capping agents during the biosynthesis of nanoparticles which proceeds in a controlled manner with desired characteristics. Phytosynthesis of nanoparticles is also a simple, economic, durable, and reproducible process. The present article is a comprehensive depiction of the synthesis of different metal nanoparticles from diverse plant species.
纳米技术是一门新兴的科学分支，在这一领域中，可以合成具有改变性质的各种有价值的分子，并将其用于众多技术应用。如今，纳米技术是农业、食品和医药行业的首选工具。然而，通过既定的物理和化学方法合成纳米颗粒的过程中，有毒副产物的持续积累对环境和人类福祉构成了前所未有的危险。由于使用了无毒且环保的材料，如植物、真菌、细菌等，纳米颗粒的生物合成途径为传统化学合成工艺提供了一个潜在的选择。植物合成是生物合成的一种类型，它利用来自不同植物部位（整株植物、叶子、果皮、根、树皮、种子和茎）的各种次生代谢物组合来制造无毒且环保的纳米颗粒。植物衍生的无毒且环保的次生代谢物是纳米颗粒生物合成过程中的还原剂和封端剂来源，该过程以可控的方式进行，并具有所需的特性。纳米颗粒的植物合成也是一个简单、经济、耐用且可重复的过程。本文全面描述了从不同植物物种合成不同金属纳米颗粒的过程。
