Jahan Halima, Tumpa Israt Jahan, Qasem Wafaa A, Moniruzzaman Mohammad, Pervin Mst Arzu, Akter Rabeya, Omri Abdelwahab, Min Taesun, Hossain Zakir
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh.
Department of Fisheries Biology and Genetics, Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Front Nutr. 2021 Nov 1;8:733402. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.733402. eCollection 2021.
Fish meal (FM) has excellent protein and lipid profile. However, FM is losing its acceptability and substituted with plant protein due to FM has high price, high demand, and sustainability issues in global aquaculture production. In this study, experimental diets were prepared by substituting FM with fermented soybean meal (FSM) or normal and untreated soybean meal (SM) to assess the effects on growth, hematology, innate immunity, gut physiology, and digestive enzyme activities in juvenile silver barb, . Five diets, that is, 40% FM (FM 40), 20% FM + 20% FSM (FM 20 + FSM 20), 20% FM + 20% SM (FM 20 + SM 20), 40% FSM (FSM 40), and 40% SM (SM 40) were fed to the fish two times daily for 90 days. After 90 days of feeding trial, FM 40, FM 20 + FSM 20, and FM 20 + SM 20 diet groups showed significantly higher weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) compared to the FSM 40 and SM 40 diets. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) and viscerosomatic index (VSI) were significantly higher in fish fed with the FSM 40 and SM 40 diets than those of fish fed with the FM 40 diet. Hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count were significantly lower in fish fed with the SM 40 diet compared to fish fed with the FM 40 and FM 20 + FSM 20 diets. Superoxide dismutase and catalase activities in the liver were significantly higher in fish fed with the SM 40 diet compared to fish fed with the FM 40 diet. However, serum thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in fish fed with the experimental diets were unaltered. Fish showed significant reduction of villus height (Vh) in the anterior and posterior intestine of fish fed with the FSM 40 and SM 40 diets, whereas muscular thickness was opposite to the findings of Vh. Digestive enzyme activities in intestine were significantly higher in fish fed with the FM 40 diet compared to those in the SM 40 diet. The results of the present study revealed that the 50% of FM can be replaced by FSM or SM as a source of protein without affecting the growth of juvenile silver barb.
鱼粉（FM）具有优良的蛋白质和脂质特性。然而，由于鱼粉价格高、需求大以及全球水产养殖生产中的可持续性问题，其可接受性正在降低，并被植物蛋白所替代。在本研究中，通过用发酵豆粕（FSM）或普通未处理豆粕（SM）替代鱼粉来制备实验饲料，以评估其对幼年倒刺鲃生长、血液学、先天免疫、肠道生理和消化酶活性的影响。制备了五种饲料，即40%鱼粉（FM 40）、20%鱼粉+20%发酵豆粕（FM 20 + FSM 20）、20%鱼粉+20%豆粕（FM 20 + SM 20）、40%发酵豆粕（FSM 40）和40%豆粕（SM 40），每天投喂鱼两次，持续90天。经过90天的投喂试验，与FSM 40和SM 40饲料组相比，FM 40、FM 20 + FSM 20和FM 20 + SM 20饲料组的增重（WG）和特定生长率（SGR）显著更高。与投喂FM 40饲料的鱼相比，投喂FSM 40和SM 40饲料的鱼的肝体指数（HSI）和脏体指数（VSI）显著更高。与投喂FM 40和FM 20 + FSM 20饲料的鱼相比，投喂SM 40饲料的鱼的血细胞比容、血红蛋白和红细胞计数显著更低。与投喂FM 40饲料的鱼相比，投喂SM 40饲料的鱼肝脏中的超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化氢酶活性显著更高。然而，投喂实验饲料的鱼血清中的硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质未发生变化。投喂FSM 40和SM 40饲料的鱼的前肠和后肠绒毛高度（Vh）显著降低，而肌肉厚度与Vh的结果相反。与投喂SM 40饲料的鱼相比，投喂FM 40饲料的鱼肠道中的消化酶活性显著更高。本研究结果表明，50%的鱼粉可以被发酵豆粕或豆粕替代作为蛋白质来源，而不影响幼年倒刺鲃的生长。
