Departamento de Entomologia, Instituto Aggeu Magalhães/Fundaçao Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ-PE), Av. Professor Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitaria, Recife, PE, 50670-420, Brazil.
Centro Academico do Agreste, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Rodovia BR-104, km 59-Nova Caruaru, Caruaru, PE, 55002-970, Brazil.
Parasit Vectors. 2021 Nov 21;14(1):582. doi: 10.1186/s13071-021-05088-4.
Due to the lack of vaccines, malaria control mainly involves the control of anopheline vectors (Anopheles spp.) using chemical insecticides. However, the prolonged and indiscriminate use of these compounds has led to the emergence of resistance in Anopheles populations in Africa. Insecticide resistance surveillance programs are less frequent in Cabo Verde than in other African countries. This study aimed to investigate the circulation of the L1014F and L1014S alleles in natural populations of Anopheles arabiensis collected from two sampling sites in the city of Praia, Cabo Verde.
Anopheles larvae were collected from the two sampling sites and reared in the laboratory until the adult stage. Mosquitoes were first morphologically identified by classical taxonomy and then by molecular species identification using molecular markers. All Anopheles arabiensis were subjected to PCR analysis to screen for mutations associated to resistance in the Na gene.
A total of 105 mosquitoes, all belonging to the Anopheles gambiae complex, were identified by classical taxonomy as well as by molecular taxonomy. Molecular identification showed that 100% of the An. gambiae senso lato specimens analyzed corresponded to An. arabiensis. Analysis of the Na gene revealed the presence of L1014S and L1014F alleles with frequencies of 0.10 and 0.19, respectively.
Our data demonstrated, for the first time, the presence of the L1014F allele in the An. arabiensis population from Cabo Verde, as well as an increase in the frequency of the kdr L1014S allele reported in a previous study. The results of this study demonstrate the need to establish new approaches in vector control programs in Cabo Verde.
由于缺乏疫苗，疟疾控制主要涉及使用化学杀虫剂来控制按蚊（Anopheles spp.）。然而，这些化合物的长期和无差别使用导致了非洲按蚊种群的抗药性出现。与其他非洲国家相比，佛得角的杀虫剂抗性监测计划较少。本研究旨在调查从佛得角普拉亚市的两个采样点采集的自然种群中，按蚊 Arabiensis 中 L1014F 和 L1014S 等位基因的循环情况。
从两个采样点采集按蚊幼虫，并在实验室中饲养至成虫阶段。首先通过经典分类学对蚊子进行形态学鉴定，然后使用分子标记物进行分子物种鉴定。对所有按蚊 Arabiensis 进行 PCR 分析，以筛选与 Na 基因抗性相关的突变。
通过经典分类学和分子分类学共鉴定出 105 只蚊子，均属于冈比亚按蚊复合体。分子鉴定显示，分析的 100%冈比亚按蚊复合体标本均为按蚊 Arabiensis。对 Na 基因的分析显示，L1014S 和 L1014F 等位基因的存在频率分别为 0.10 和 0.19。
我们的数据首次证明了佛得角按蚊 Arabiensis 种群中存在 L1014F 等位基因，并且此前研究中报道的 kdr L1014S 等位基因的频率增加。本研究的结果表明，佛得角需要在病媒控制计划中建立新的方法。
