Chouaïbou Mouhamadou, Kouadio Fodjo Behi, Tia Emmanuel, Djogbenou Luc
Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Côte d'Ivoire (CSRS), Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
Université Nangui Abrogoua, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
Wellcome Open Res. 2017 Feb 9;2:8. doi: 10.12688/wellcomeopenres.10662.1.
. The intensive use of insecticides in public health and agriculture has led to the development of insecticide resistances in malaria vectors across sub-Saharan Africa countries in the last two decades. The target site point mutation which is among the best characterised resistance mechanisms seems to be changing its distribution patterns on the African continent. The 1014F mutation originally described only in West Africa is spreading to East Africa while the 1014S mutation originally described in East Africa, is spreading to West and Central Africa. However, the East- mutation has not been reported in Côte d'Ivoire so far. . Immature stages of were collected from breeding sites at the outskirts of Yamoussoukro, Côte d'Ivoire. Emerging 3-5 day old adult female mosquitoes were tested for susceptibility to deltamethrin 0.05%, malathion 5%, bendiocarb 1% and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) 4% according to WHO standard procedures. A total of 50 specimens were drawn at random for DNA extraction and identification down to the species level. A subsample of 30 mosquitoes was tested for the East-African mutation using a Taqman assay. . The tested mosquito population appeared to be strongly resistant to deltamethrin (1.03% mortality), bendiocarb (38.46% mortality) and DDT (0% mortality) with probable resistance observed for malathion (92.47%). Among the 41 mosquitoes that were successfully characterized, was predominant (68.3%) followed by (19.5%) and a few hybrids (7.3%). Out of 30 specimens genotyped for East-, a single hybrid mosquito appeared to be heterozygous for the mutation. . The present study revealed the presence of the East- mutation in Côte d'Ivoire for the first time in and highlights the urgent need to start monitoring the allele and genotype frequencies.
在过去二十年中，公共卫生和农业领域对杀虫剂的大量使用导致撒哈拉以南非洲国家的疟疾传播媒介产生了抗药性。作为特征最明显的抗药机制之一，靶位点点突变在非洲大陆的分布模式似乎正在发生变化。最初仅在西非发现的1014F突变正在向东非蔓延，而最初在东非发现的1014S突变正在向西非和中非蔓延。然而，到目前为止，科特迪瓦尚未报告东非突变。从科特迪瓦亚穆苏克罗郊区的繁殖地收集了按蚊的未成熟阶段。根据世卫组织标准程序，对羽化3至5天的成年雌性蚊子进行了对0.05%溴氰菊酯、5%马拉硫磷、1%残杀威和4%滴滴涕（DDT）的敏感性测试。随机抽取50只按蚊样本进行DNA提取，并鉴定到物种水平。使用Taqman分析法对30只蚊子的子样本进行东非突变检测。测试的蚊子种群似乎对溴氰菊酯（死亡率1.03%）、残杀威（死亡率38.46%）和滴滴涕（死亡率0%）具有很强的抗性，对马拉硫磷可能有抗性（死亡率92.47%）。在成功鉴定的41只蚊子中，冈比亚按蚊占主导（68.3%），其次是阿拉伯按蚊（19.5%）和少数杂交种（7.3%）。在对东非突变进行基因分型的30个样本中，有一只杂交蚊子似乎对该突变呈杂合状态。本研究首次在科特迪瓦发现了东非突变，并强调迫切需要开始监测等位基因和基因型频率。
