Pan Xuefeng, Cen Xiao, Zhang Bo, Pei Fang, Huang Wei, Huang Xinqi, Zhao Zhihe
Department of Orthodontics, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Department of Temporomandibular Joint, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Ann Transl Med. 2021 Oct;9(19):1505. doi: 10.21037/atm-21-2114.
In this review, we focus on the recent progress of circular ribonucleic acids (circRNAs)-related molecular mechanisms in the processes of osteogenesis and osteoclastogenesis, and explore their roles in the development of bone-remodeling disorders.
The well-coupled bone-formation and bone-resorption processes are vital in bone remodeling. Once the balance is disrupted, bone-remodeling disorders (e.g., osteoporosis and osteopetrosis) occur, severely affecting patients' quality of life. CircRNAs, the newly discovered members of the non-coding RNA family, have been reported to act as key checkpoints of various signaling pathways that influence osteoblasts and osteoclasts functions, thus regulating the physiological and pathological processes of bone homeostasis.
Three English and three Chinese databases [i.e., PubMed, Embase, MEDLINE (via Ovid), Chinese Biomedical Literature, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and VIP databases] were searched to June 2021 without language restrictions. Studies exploring the roles of circRNAs in key bone remodeling mediators, such as Smad-dependent bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)/transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), Wnts, runt-related transcription factor (RUNX), forkhead boxes (FOXs), colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1), receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand (RANKL)/osteoprotegerin (OPG), and circRNA-related bone-remodeling disorders, were included.
Many circRNAs have been shown to promote osteogenesis and facilitate osteoclast differentiation via diverse mechanisms, and thus modulate the process of bone homeostasis. The imbalance or impairment of these two parts causes diseases, such as osteoporosis, and osteonecrosis of the femoral head, which are also closely correlated to the aberrant presence of circRNAs. Current evidence provides us with promising diagnosis and treatment methods for some bone homeostasis disorders.
在本综述中，我们聚焦于环状核糖核酸（circRNAs）相关分子机制在成骨和破骨细胞生成过程中的最新进展，并探讨它们在骨重塑障碍发展中的作用。
良好耦合的骨形成和骨吸收过程在骨重塑中至关重要。一旦平衡被打破，就会发生骨重塑障碍（如骨质疏松症和骨质石化症），严重影响患者的生活质量。CircRNAs是非编码RNA家族新发现的成员，据报道它们作为各种信号通路的关键控制点，影响成骨细胞和破骨细胞功能，从而调节骨稳态的生理和病理过程。
检索了三个英文数据库和三个中文数据库[即PubMed、Embase、MEDLINE（通过Ovid）、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国知网和维普数据库]至2021年6月，无语言限制。纳入了探索circRNAs在关键骨重塑介质（如Smad依赖的骨形态发生蛋白（BMP）/转化生长因子β（TGF-β）、Wnts、 runt相关转录因子（RUNX）、叉头框（FOXs）、集落刺激因子1（CSF-1）、核因子κB受体激活剂配体（RANKL）/骨保护素（OPG））中的作用以及与circRNA相关的骨重塑障碍的研究。
许多circRNAs已被证明通过多种机制促进成骨并促进破骨细胞分化，从而调节骨稳态过程。这两个过程的失衡或受损会导致疾病，如骨质疏松症和股骨头坏死，这也与circRNAs的异常存在密切相关。目前的证据为我们提供了一些骨稳态障碍的有前景的诊断和治疗方法。
