John Bingham Laboratory, NIAB, 93 Lawrence Weaver Road, Cambridge, CB3 0LE, UK.
Department of Plant Sciences, University of Cambridge, Downing Street, Cambridge, CB2 3EA, UK.
Theor Appl Genet. 2022 Mar;135(3):741-753. doi: 10.1007/s00122-021-03983-z. Epub 2021 Nov 25.
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) is a global commodity, and its production is a key component underpinning worldwide food security. Yellow rust, also known as stripe rust, is a wheat disease caused by the fungus Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici (Pst), and results in yield losses in most wheat growing areas. Recently, the rapid global spread of genetically diverse sexually derived Pst races, which have now largely replaced the previous clonally propagated slowly evolving endemic populations, has resulted in further challenges for the protection of global wheat yields. However, advances in the application of genomics approaches, in both the host and pathogen, combined with classical genetic approaches, pathogen and disease monitoring, provide resources to help increase the rate of genetic gain for yellow rust resistance via wheat breeding while reducing the carbon footprint of the crop. Here we review key elements in the evolving battle between the pathogen and host, with a focus on solutions to help protect future wheat production from this globally important disease.
小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）是一种全球性商品，其生产是全球粮食安全的关键组成部分。黄锈病，又称条锈病，是由真菌条锈菌（Puccinia striiformis Westend f. sp. tritici）引起的小麦病害，在大多数小麦种植区都会导致产量损失。最近，遗传多样性的性衍生条锈菌菌株在全球范围内迅速传播，这些菌株现已在很大程度上取代了以前无性繁殖的缓慢进化的地方种群，这给保护全球小麦产量带来了更大的挑战。然而，宿主和病原体中基因组学方法的应用的进步，结合经典的遗传方法、病原体和疾病监测，为通过小麦育种提高黄锈病抗性的遗传增益速度提供了资源，同时降低了作物的碳足迹。在这里，我们回顾了病原体和宿主之间不断演变的斗争中的关键因素，重点介绍了帮助保护未来小麦生产免受这种全球重要病害的解决方案。
