Institute of Epidemiology, Kiel University, Niemannsweg 11, 24105, Kiel, Germany.
Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, Kiel University, 24118, Kiel, Germany.
Eur J Nutr. 2022 Apr;61(3):1363-1375. doi: 10.1007/s00394-021-02730-w. Epub 2021 Nov 26.
Experimental evidence suggests positive effects of boron on health and metabolism, but human data are still scarce. We aimed to identify dietary and cardio-metabolic correlates of plasma boron concentrations in the general population.
In a community-based sample (n = 899, 57% men, mean age 61 years), plasma boron (median [IQR]: 33.80 µg/L [25.61; 44.65]) concentrations were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Overall (PDI), healthy (hPDI), and unhealthy (uPDI) plant-based diet indices were derived from a validated food frequency questionnaire. Reduced rank regression (RRR) yielded a dietary pattern explaining 30% of the variation of circulating boron. Cross-sectional associations of dietary indices and cardio-metabolic traits with plasma boron concentrations were assessed using multivariable-adjusted linear regression analysis.
The RRR pattern was characterized by high intake of fruits, nuts/seeds, tea, wine and low intake of e.g. bread, poultry, processed meat, chocolate/sweets, and soft drinks. 10-point increments in PDI, hPDI, and uPDI were associated with 8.7% (95% CI: 4.2; 13.4), 10.4% (95% CI: 6.6; 14.3), and -8.8% (95% CI: -12.1; -5.4) change in plasma boron concentrations, respectively. Age and phosphate were directly, while BMI, plasma lipid concentrations, and CRP were inversely associated with circulating boron. Plasma boron concentrations were higher in summer vs. winter, in individuals taking vs. not taking antihypertensive medication, and in individuals with high or medium vs. low education level.
Higher plasma boron concentrations appeared to associate with a healthier diet, were related to lower BMI and a more favorable cardio-metabolic risk profile, and showed seasonal variations.
实验证据表明硼对健康和新陈代谢有积极影响，但人类数据仍然很少。我们旨在确定一般人群血浆硼浓度的饮食和心脏代谢相关性。
在基于社区的样本中（n=899，57%为男性，平均年龄 61 岁），通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法测量血浆硼（中位数[IQR]：33.80μg/L[25.61；44.65]）浓度。总体（PDI）、健康（hPDI）和不健康（uPDI）植物性饮食指数由经过验证的食物频率问卷得出。降秩回归（RRR）产生了一个解释循环硼变化 30%的饮食模式。使用多变量调整线性回归分析评估饮食指数和心脏代谢特征与血浆硼浓度的横断面相关性。
RRR 模式的特点是水果、坚果/种子、茶、酒摄入量高，而面包、家禽、加工肉类、巧克力/糖果和软饮料摄入量低。PDI、hPDI 和 uPDI 增加 10 个点与血浆硼浓度分别增加 8.7%（95%CI：4.2；13.4）、10.4%（95%CI：6.6；14.3）和-8.8%（95%CI：-12.1；-5.4）有关。年龄和磷酸盐与循环硼直接相关，而 BMI、血浆脂质浓度和 CRP 与循环硼呈负相关。与冬季相比，夏季血浆硼浓度较高；与未服用降压药物的个体相比，服用降压药物的个体血浆硼浓度较高；与受教育程度较低的个体相比，受教育程度较高或中等的个体血浆硼浓度较高。
较高的血浆硼浓度似乎与更健康的饮食相关，与较低的 BMI 和更有利的心脏代谢风险特征相关，并显示出季节性变化。
