Minerva Center for Interdisciplinary Study of End of Life, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel.
Department of Health Promotion, School of Public Health, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6139001, Israel.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Nov 13;18(22):11916. doi: 10.3390/ijerph182211916.
Since most evaluations of intergenerational programs (IGPs) focus on the perspective of a single stakeholder group concerning the benefit for themselves, we compared perceptions of multiple stakeholders: older adults, younger adults, and IGP organizers concerning the impact of IGPs on older and young participants. Using a mixed-methods approach, we collected data from thirteen community-based IGPs. The quantitative analyses included a comparison of the different stakeholder groups via ANOVAs and chi-square analyses. In order to identify the reasons for different attribution ratings among stakeholders, we conducted a qualitative analysis of the stakeholders' comments and responses to open-ended questions using a thematic analysis approach. Overall, participants rated benefits to themselves lower than attributed to them by their counterparts. Differences in ratings may be explained by differences in expectations and needs, cognitive dissonance, as well as a lack of awareness about other participants' experiences. Given the discrepancies in perception of impact, it is vital to seek input from all stakeholders in order to understand their respective needs and expectations, construct a balanced evaluation, and improve IGP processes and outcomes. Studying a single stakeholder group for project evaluation is likely to provide only one perspective, whereas including all points of view provides a more complete picture.
由于大多数代际计划（IGP）的评估都侧重于单个利益相关者群体自身的利益，因此我们比较了多个利益相关者（老年人、年轻人和 IGP 组织者）对 IGP 对老年和年轻参与者的影响的看法。我们使用混合方法收集了来自 13 个基于社区的 IGP 的数据。定量分析包括通过 ANOVA 和卡方分析比较不同的利益相关者群体。为了确定利益相关者之间归因评分差异的原因，我们使用主题分析方法对利益相关者的评论和对开放式问题的回应进行了定性分析。总体而言，参与者对自身收益的评价低于他们对同行的评价。评分差异可能是由于期望和需求的差异、认知失调以及对其他参与者经历缺乏了解所致。鉴于对影响的看法存在差异，从所有利益相关者那里征求意见以了解他们各自的需求和期望、构建平衡的评估以及改进 IGP 流程和结果至关重要。仅针对单个利益相关者群体进行项目评估可能只能提供一个视角，而纳入所有观点则可以提供更全面的图景。
