Alunni Cardinali Martina, Morresi Assunta, Fioretto Daniele, Vivarelli Leonardo, Dallari Dante, Govoni Marco
Department of Physics and Geology, University of Perugia, Via A. Pascoli, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
Department of Chemistry, Biology and Biotechnology, University of Perugia, Via Elce di Sotto 8, I-06123 Perugia, Italy.
Materials (Basel). 2021 Nov 14;14(22):6869. doi: 10.3390/ma14226869.
Human bone is a specialized tissue with unique material properties, providing mechanical support and resistance to the skeleton and simultaneously assuring capability of adaptation and remodelling. Knowing the properties of such a structure down to the micro-scale is of utmost importance, not only for the design of effective biomimetic materials but also to be able to detect pathological alterations in material properties, such as micro-fractures or abnormal tissue remodelling. The Brillouin and Raman micro-spectroscopic (BRmS) approach has the potential to become a first-choice technique, as it is capable of simultaneously investigating samples' mechanical and structural properties in a non-destructive and label-free way. Here, we perform a mapping of cortical and trabecular bone sections of a femoral epiphysis, demonstrating the capability of the technique for discovering the morpho-mechanics of cells, the extracellular matrix, and marrow constituents. Moreover, the interpretation of Brillouin and Raman spectra merged with an approach of data mining is used to compare the mechanical alterations in specimens excised from distinct anatomical areas and subjected to different sample processing. The results disclose in both cases specific alterations in the morphology and/or in the tissue chemical make-up, which strongly affects bone mechanical properties, providing a method potentially extendable to other important biomedical issues.
人体骨骼是一种具有独特材料特性的特殊组织，为骨骼提供机械支撑和抗力，同时确保其适应和重塑能力。深入了解这种结构在微观尺度下的特性至关重要，这不仅对于设计有效的仿生材料，而且对于能够检测材料特性的病理改变，如微骨折或异常组织重塑而言都是如此。布里渊和拉曼显微光谱法（BRmS）有潜力成为首选技术，因为它能够以无损且无标记的方式同时研究样品的力学和结构特性。在此，我们对股骨骨骺的皮质骨和小梁骨切片进行了测绘，展示了该技术发现细胞、细胞外基质和骨髓成分的形态力学的能力。此外，将布里渊光谱和拉曼光谱的解释与数据挖掘方法相结合，用于比较从不同解剖区域切除并经过不同样品处理的标本中的力学改变。结果在两种情况下均揭示了形态和/或组织化学组成的特定改变，这强烈影响骨骼力学性能，提供了一种可能扩展到其他重要生物医学问题的方法。
