Department of Medical Biochemistry and Pharmacology, Kwara State University, Malete, PMB 1530, Ilorin 241103, Nigeria.
Food and Nutrition Sciences Laboratory, International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), PMB 5320, Oyo Road, Ibadan 200285, Nigeria.
Molecules. 2021 Nov 15;26(22):6874. doi: 10.3390/molecules26226874.
Most of the health benefits derived from cereals are attributed to their bioactive compounds. This study evaluated the levels of the bioactive compounds, and the antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory properties of six pipeline -resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (coded AS1828-1, 4, 6, 8, 9, 11) in vitro. The maize hybrids were grown at the International Institute of Tropical Agriculture (IITA), Nigeria. The bioactive compounds (total phenolics, tannins, flavonoids, and phytate) levels, antioxidant (DPPH and ABTS scavenging capacity and reducing power) and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes (α-amylase and α-glucosidase) inhibitory activities of the maize hybrids were determined by spectrophotometry. At the same time, carotenoids were quantified using a reverse-phase HPLC system. The ranges of the bioactive compounds were: 11.25-14.14 mg GAE/g (total phenolics), 3.62-4.67 mg QE/g (total flavonoids), 3.63-6.29 mg/g (tannins), 3.66-4.31% (phytate), 8.92-12.11 µg/g (total xanthophylls), 2.42-2.89 µg/g (total β-carotene), and 3.17-3.77 µg/g (total provitamin A carotenoids). Extracts of the maize hybrids scavenged DPPH (SC: 9.07-26.35 mg/mL) and ABTS (2.65-7.68 TEAC mmol/g), reduced Fe to Fe (0.25 ± 0.64-0.43 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g), and inhibited α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC ranges of 26.28-52.55 mg/mL and 47.72-63.98 mg/mL, respectively. Among the six clones of the maize hybrids, AS1828-9 had the highest ( < 0.05) levels of tannins and phytate and the strongest antioxidant and starch-hydrolyzing enzymes inhibitory activities. Significant correlations were observed between total phenolics and the following: ABTS ( < 0.01, r = 0.757), DPPH SC ( < 0.01, r = -0.867), reducing power ( < 0.05, r = 0.633), α-amylase IC ( < 0.01, r = -0.836) and α-glucosidase IC ( < 0.05, r = -0.582). Hence, the -resistant yellow-orange maize hybrids (especially AS1828-9) may be beneficial for alleviating oxidative stress and postprandial hyperglycemia.
大多数从谷物中获得的健康益处都归因于它们的生物活性化合物。本研究评估了六种耐管道黄色-橙色玉米杂交种（AS1828-1、4、6、8、9、11）的生物活性化合物水平，以及抗氧化和淀粉水解酶抑制特性在体外。玉米杂交种在国际热带农业研究所（IITA），尼日利亚。通过分光光度法测定玉米杂交种的生物活性化合物（总酚、单宁、类黄酮和植酸）水平、抗氧化（DPPH 和 ABTS 清除能力和还原力）和淀粉水解酶（α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶）抑制活性。同时，使用反相高效液相色谱系统定量类胡萝卜素。生物活性化合物的范围为：11.25-14.14mgGAE/g（总酚）、3.62-4.67mgQE/g（总黄酮）、3.63-6.29mg/g（单宁）、3.66-4.31%（植酸）、8.92-12.11μg/g（总叶黄素）、2.42-2.89μg/g（总β-胡萝卜素）和 3.17-3.77μg/g（总维生素 A 前体类胡萝卜素）。玉米杂交种提取物清除 DPPH（SC：9.07-26.35mg/mL）和 ABTS（2.65-7.68TEACmmol/g），将 Fe 还原为 Fe（0.25±0.64-0.43±0.01mgGAE/g），并抑制α-淀粉酶和α-葡萄糖苷酶，IC 范围分别为 26.28-52.55mg/mL 和 47.72-63.98mg/mL。在玉米杂交种的六个克隆中，AS1828-9 具有最高（<0.05）单宁和植酸水平以及最强的抗氧化和淀粉水解酶抑制活性。总酚与以下指标呈显著正相关：ABTS（<0.01，r=0.757）、DPPH SC（<0.01，r=-0.867）、还原力（<0.05，r=0.633）、α-淀粉酶 IC（<0.01，r=-0.836）和α-葡萄糖苷酶 IC（<0.05，r=-0.582）。因此，耐管道黄色-橙色玉米杂交种（尤其是 AS1828-9）可能有益于缓解氧化应激和餐后高血糖。
