Kamli Majid Rasool, Malik Maqsood Ahmad, Lone Shabir Ahmad, Sabir Jamal S M, Mattar Ehab H, Ahmad Aijaz
Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Center of Excellence in Bionanoscience Research, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80203, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia.
Pharmaceutics. 2021 Nov 18;13(11):1957. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111957.
extract contains water-soluble red pigment betanin and is used as a food colorant. In this study, the biogenic Ag-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles were synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques, including UV-Visible, FTIR, TEM. SEM-EDX, XRD, and TGA. Further, Ag-Cu bimetallic nanoparticles capped with biomolecules were evaluated for their antifungal activity against via targeting its major virulence factors, including adherence, yeast to hyphae transition, extracellular enzyme secretion, biofilm formation, and the expression of genes related to these pathogenic traits by using standard methods. is an opportunistic human fungal pathogen that causes significant morbidity and mortality, mainly in immunocompromised patients. The current antifungal therapy is limited with various shortcomings such as host toxicity and developing multidrug resistance. Therefore, the development of novel antifungal agents is urgently required. Furthermore, NPs were screened for cell viability and cytotoxicity effect. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed potent antifungal activity of the Ag-Cu bimetallic NPs with a significant inhibitory effect on adherence, yeast to hyphae transition, extracellular enzymes secretion, and formation of biofilms in at sub-inhibitory and inhibitory concentrations. The RT-qPCR results at an MIC value of the NPs exhibited a varying degree of downregulation in expression levels of virulence genes. Results also revealed the dose-dependent effect of NPs on cellular viability (up to 100%) using MUSE cell analyzer. Moreover, the low cytotoxicity effect of bimetallic NPs has been observed using haemolytic assay. The overall results indicated that the newly synthesized Ag-Cu bimetallic NPs capped with are proven to possess a potent anticandidal activity, by affecting the vital pathogenic factors of .
提取物含有水溶性红色色素甜菜红素，用作食用色素。在本研究中，通过不同的光谱和显微镜技术合成并表征了生物源Ag-Cu双金属纳米颗粒，包括紫外可见光谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、透射电子显微镜、扫描电子显微镜-能谱仪、X射线衍射和热重分析。此外，使用标准方法评估了生物分子包覆的Ag-Cu双金属纳米颗粒对其主要毒力因子的抗真菌活性，这些毒力因子包括黏附、酵母向菌丝的转变、细胞外酶分泌、生物膜形成以及与这些致病特性相关的基因表达。是一种机会性人类真菌病原体，主要在免疫功能低下的患者中引起显著的发病率和死亡率。目前的抗真菌治疗存在各种缺点，如宿主毒性和产生多重耐药性，因此迫切需要开发新型抗真菌药物。此外，还对纳米颗粒进行了细胞活力和细胞毒性作用的筛选。抗真菌药敏试验表明，Ag-Cu双金属纳米颗粒具有强大的抗真菌活性，在亚抑制浓度和抑制浓度下对的黏附、酵母向菌丝的转变、细胞外酶分泌和生物膜形成具有显著的抑制作用。纳米颗粒在MIC值下的RT-qPCR结果显示毒力基因表达水平有不同程度的下调。结果还显示，使用MUSE细胞分析仪，纳米颗粒对细胞活力具有剂量依赖性影响（高达100%）。此外，通过溶血试验观察到双金属纳米颗粒的细胞毒性作用较低。总体结果表明，新合成的生物分子包覆的Ag-Cu双金属纳米颗粒通过影响的重要致病因素，被证明具有强大的抗念珠菌活性。
