Benevenuto Rafael Fonseca, Zanatta Caroline Bedin, Guerra Miguel Pedro, Nodari Rubens Onofre, Agapito-Tenfen Sarah Z
Crop Science Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis 88034000, Brazil.
GenØk Centre for Biosafety, Siva Innovasjonssenter Postboks 6418, 9294 Tromsø, Norway.
Plants (Basel). 2021 Nov 5;10(11):2381. doi: 10.3390/plants10112381.
While some genetically modified (GM) plants have been targeted to confer tolerance to abiotic stressors, transgenes are impacted by abiotic stressors, causing adverse effects on plant physiology and yield. However, routine safety analyses do not assess the response of GM plants under different environmental stress conditions. In the context of climate change, the combination of abiotic stressors is a reality in agroecosystems. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the metabolic cost by assessing the proteomic profiles of GM soybean varieties under glyphosate spraying and water deficit conditions compared to their non-transgenic conventional counterparts. We found evidence of cumulative adverse effects that resulted in the reduction of enzymes involved in carbohydrate metabolism, along with the expression of amino acids and nitrogen metabolic enzymes. Ribosomal metabolism was significantly enriched, particularly the protein families associated with ribosomal complexes L5 and L18. The interaction network map showed that the affected module representing the ribosome pathway interacts strongly with other important proteins, such as the chloro-plastic gamma ATP synthase subunit. Combined, these findings provide clear evidence for increasing the metabolic costs of GM soybean plants in response to the accumulation of stress factors. First, alterations in the ribosome pathway indicate that the GM plant itself carries a metabolic burden associated with the biosynthesis of proteins as effects of genetic transformation. GM plants also showed an imbalance in energy demand and production under controlled conditions, which was increased under drought conditions. Identifying the consequences of altered metabolism related to the interaction between plant transgene stress responses allows us to understand the possible effects on the ecology and evolution of plants in the medium and long term and the potential interactions with other organisms when these organisms are released in the environment.
虽然一些转基因植物旨在赋予对非生物胁迫的耐受性，但转基因会受到非生物胁迫的影响，对植物生理和产量产生不利影响。然而，常规安全性分析并未评估转基因植物在不同环境胁迫条件下的反应。在气候变化的背景下，非生物胁迫的组合在农业生态系统中是现实存在的。因此，本研究的目的是通过评估转基因大豆品种在草甘膦喷洒和水分亏缺条件下与其非转基因常规对照品种相比的蛋白质组学概况，来分析代谢成本。我们发现了累积不利影响的证据，这些影响导致参与碳水化合物代谢的酶减少，同时氨基酸和氮代谢酶的表达也受到影响。核糖体代谢显著富集，特别是与核糖体复合物L5和L18相关的蛋白质家族。相互作用网络图显示，代表核糖体途径的受影响模块与其他重要蛋白质，如叶绿体γ-ATP合酶亚基，有强烈相互作用。综合来看，这些发现为转基因大豆植物因胁迫因素积累而增加代谢成本提供了明确证据。首先，核糖体途径的改变表明转基因植物本身承担着与遗传转化效应导致的蛋白质生物合成相关的代谢负担。转基因植物在受控条件下也表现出能量需求和产生的不平衡，在干旱条件下这种不平衡加剧。识别与植物转基因应激反应之间相互作用相关的代谢改变的后果，使我们能够理解中长期对植物生态和进化的可能影响，以及当这些植物释放到环境中时与其他生物的潜在相互作用。
