Unidad de Genόmica de Poblaciones Aplicada a la Salud, Facultad de Química, UNAM/Instituto Nacional de Medicina Genόmica (INMEGEN), Mexico City 14609, Mexico.
Departamento de Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2021 Oct 29;13(11):3892. doi: 10.3390/nu13113892.
Dietary fiber (DF) is a major substrate for the gut microbiota that contributes to metabolic health. Recent studies have shown that diet-metabolic phenotype effect might be related to individual gut microbial profiles or enterotypes. Thus, the aim of this study was to examine whether microbial enterotypes modify the association between DF intake and metabolic traits. This cross-sectional study included 204 children (6-12 years old) and 75 adults (18-60 years old). Habitual DF intake was estimated with a Food Frequency Questionnaire and biochemical, clinical and anthropometric data were obtained. Gut microbiota was assessed through 16S sequencing and participants were stratified by enterotypes. Correlations adjusting for age and sex were performed to test the associations between dietary fiber components intake and metabolic traits. In children and adults from the enterotype, a nominal negative correlation of hemicellulose intake with insulin and HOMA-IR levels was observed ( < 0.05), while in individuals of the other enterotypes, these associations were not observed. Interestingly, the latter effect was not related to the fecal short-chain-fatty acids profile. Our results contribute to understanding the enterotype influence on the diet-phenotype interaction, which ultimate could provide evidence for their use as potential biomarkers for future precision nutrition strategies.
膳食纤维（DF）是肠道微生物群的主要底物，有助于代谢健康。最近的研究表明，饮食-代谢表型效应可能与个体肠道微生物群谱或肠型有关。因此，本研究旨在探讨微生物肠型是否会改变 DF 摄入与代谢特征之间的关联。本横断面研究纳入了 204 名儿童（6-12 岁）和 75 名成年人（18-60 岁）。通过食物频率问卷评估习惯性 DF 摄入量，并获得生化、临床和人体测量数据。通过 16S 测序评估肠道微生物群，并根据肠型对参与者进行分层。进行了调整年龄和性别后的相关性分析，以检验膳食纤维成分摄入与代谢特征之间的关联。在肠型的儿童和成年人中，半纤维素摄入与胰岛素和 HOMA-IR 水平呈负相关（ < 0.05），而在其他肠型的个体中，未观察到这些关联。有趣的是，后一种效应与粪便短链脂肪酸谱无关。我们的研究结果有助于理解肠型对饮食-表型相互作用的影响，这最终可以为将其用作未来精准营养策略的潜在生物标志物提供证据。
