Institute of Animal Nutrition and Bromatology, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 13, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Life Sciences in Lublin, Akademicka St. 12, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Nutrients. 2021 Nov 7;13(11):3972. doi: 10.3390/nu13113972.
The physiological markers of autoimmune diabetes include functional disorders of the antioxidative system as well as progressing inflammation and the presence of autoantibodies. Even though people with type 1 diabetes show genetic predispositions facilitating the onset of the disease, it is believed that dietary factors can stimulate the initiation and progression of the disease. This paper analyses the possibility of using tea as an element of diet therapy in the treatment of type 1 diabetes. Based on information available in literature covering the last 10 years, the impact of regular tea consumption or diet supplements containing tea polyphenols on the oxidative status as well as inflammatory and autoimmune response of the organism was analyzed. Studies conducted on laboratory animals, human patients, and in vitro revealed positive effects of the consumption of tea or polyphenols isolated therefrom on the diabetic body. Few reports available in the literature pertain to the impact of tea on organisms affected by type 1 diabetes as most (over 85%) have focused on cases of type 2 diabetes. It has been concluded that by introducing tea into the diet, it is possible to alleviate some of the consequences of oxidative stress and inflammation, thus limiting their destructive impact on the patients' organisms, consequently improving their quality of life, regardless of the type of diabetes. Furthermore, elimination of inflammation should reduce the incidence of immune response. One should consider more widespread promotion of tea consumption by individuals genetically predisposed to diabetes, especially considering the drink's low price, easy availability, overall benefits to human health, and above all, the fact that it can be safely used over extended periods of time, regardless of the patient's age.
自身免疫性糖尿病的生理标志物包括抗氧化系统的功能障碍以及进行性炎症和自身抗体的存在。尽管 1 型糖尿病患者表现出有利于疾病发作的遗传易感性，但人们认为饮食因素可能会刺激疾病的发生和发展。本文分析了将茶作为饮食疗法治疗 1 型糖尿病的一种元素的可能性。基于涵盖过去 10 年的文献中的信息，分析了定期饮用茶或含有茶多酚的饮食补充剂对机体氧化状态、炎症和自身免疫反应的影响。在实验室动物、人类患者和体外进行的研究表明，饮用茶或从中分离出的多酚对糖尿病患者的身体有积极影响。文献中很少有关于茶对 1 型糖尿病患者机体影响的报道，因为大多数（超过 85%）报道都集中在 2 型糖尿病病例上。研究结论认为，通过将茶引入饮食，可以缓解氧化应激和炎症的一些后果，从而限制其对患者机体的破坏性影响，进而提高其生活质量，而与糖尿病的类型无关。此外，消除炎症应该会降低免疫反应的发生率。对于遗传上易患糖尿病的个体，应该考虑更广泛地推广茶的消费，尤其是考虑到这种饮料价格低廉、易于获得、对人类健康有整体益处，最重要的是，无论患者的年龄如何，都可以安全使用很长一段时间。
