酶促和非酶促翻译后修饰的生化起源。
Biochemical genesis of enzymatic and non-enzymatic post-translational modifications.
机构信息
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, 85721, USA.
Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
出版信息
Mol Aspects Med. 2022 Aug;86:101053. doi: 10.1016/j.mam.2021.101053. Epub 2021 Nov 24.
Post-translational modifications (PTMs) alter protein structure, function, and localization and play a pivotal role in physiological and pathophysiological conditions. Many PTMs arise from endogenous metabolic intermediates and serve as sensors for metabolic feedback to maintain cell growth and homeostasis. A key feature to PTMs is their biochemical genesis, which can result from either non-enzymatic adduction (nPTMs) or through enzyme-catalyzed reactions (ePTMs). The abundance and site-specificity of PTMs are determined by dedicated classes of enzymes that add (writers) or remove (erasers) the chemical addition. In this review we will highlight the biochemical genesis and regulation of a few of the 700+ PTMs that have been identified.
翻译后修饰（PTMs）会改变蛋白质的结构、功能和定位，并在生理和病理生理条件中发挥关键作用。许多翻译后修饰源自内源性代谢中间体，并作为代谢反馈的传感器以维持细胞生长和内稳态。翻译后修饰的一个关键特征是其生化起源，这可能源于非酶加成（nPTMs）或酶催化反应（ePTMs）。翻译后修饰的丰度和位点特异性由专门的添加（写入器）或去除（擦除器）化学添加物的酶类决定。在本综述中，我们将重点介绍已确定的700多种翻译后修饰中的几种的生化起源和调控。
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