Department of Animal Resource and Science, Dankook University, Cheonan 31116, Korea.
J Anim Sci. 2021 Dec 1;99(12). doi: 10.1093/jas/skab354.
The aim of the present study was to explore the influences of varying doses of micelle silymarin (0%, 0.05%, 0.1%, and 0.2%) supplementation on sows' feed intake, milk yields, serum hormones, and litter growth using 40 multiparous sows (Landrace × Yorkshire, parity from 3 to 5) from the 109th prenatal day to the 21st postnatal day. Each treatment included 10 sows and each sow was used as an experimental unit. On weaning day, litter weight and litter weight gain were linearly improved (P < 0.01, both), corresponding to the increasing dose of silymarin micelle in the diet. Also, litter weight, litter weight gain, and average daily gain (ADG) of piglets born to treated sows exceeded (P < 0.05) those of offspring from the control sows (0% micelle silymarin). Feed intake in week 1, week 2, and the entire lactation period was increased (linear, P < 0.01) as micelle silymarin dose increased. Body weight (BW) loss of sows during lactation was linearly reduced (P = 0.003) with the increasing amounts of micelle silymarin. Average daily milk yields during lactation were also linearly increased (P = 0.002) in treated sows, exceeding (P = 0.046) that of control sows. Also, uniform increases were observed (P = 0.037) in fat content in milk produced by treated sows on day 14 of lactation. Epinephrine concentrations and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activity in sow serum on day 21 postpartum were linearly declined (P = 0.010) as micelle silymarin dose increased, and were both declined (P < 0.05) in treated sows compared with the control. In addition, treated sows' serum had higher activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) at parturition and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), lower oxidized glutathione (GSSG) concentrations, and GSSG/GSH (glutathione) ratio (all, P < 0.01) on day 21 of lactation. Moreover, offspring from micelle silymarin-treated sows tended to (0.05 < P <0.1) have higher serum catalase (CAT) activity and total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) concentrations. Taken together, the results showed that sows fed increasing levels of micelle silymarin from the 109th prenatal day to the 21st postnatal day had an incremental dose-dependent effect on higher feed intake, diminished BW loss, greater milk yields, and greater litter weight at weaning, and 0.2% of micelle silymarin could be optimal to achieve the better effect.
本研究旨在探讨从第 109 天产前到第 21 天产后，不同剂量的胶束水飞蓟素（0%、0.05%、0.1%和 0.2%）补充对母猪采食量、奶产量、血清激素和窝生长的影响。共有 40 头经产母猪（长白猪×约克夏，产次 3-5 次）参与了本实验，每头母猪为一个实验单位。在断奶日，窝重和窝重增加呈线性改善（P<0.01，均），这与日粮中胶束水飞蓟素的剂量增加相对应。此外，与对照组（0%胶束水飞蓟素）相比，接受处理的母猪所产仔猪的窝重、窝重增加和平均日增重（ADG）更高（P<0.05）。随着胶束水飞蓟素剂量的增加，母猪在第 1 周、第 2 周和整个泌乳期的采食量呈线性增加（P<0.01）。哺乳期母猪体重（BW）损失呈线性减少（P=0.003），这与胶束水飞蓟素的用量增加有关。哺乳期母猪的平均日奶产量也呈线性增加（P=0.002），这一数值超过了对照组（P=0.046）。此外，在哺乳期第 14 天，接受处理的母猪所产奶中脂肪含量也呈均匀增加（P=0.037）。产后第 21 天母猪血清中的肾上腺素浓度和天门冬氨酸转氨酶（AST）活性呈线性下降（P=0.010），这与胶束水飞蓟素的剂量增加有关，与对照组相比，接受处理的母猪血清中的这两种物质活性均降低（P<0.05）。此外，分娩时接受处理的母猪血清中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GSH-Px）活性更高，氧化型谷胱甘肽（GSSG）浓度和谷胱甘肽（GSH）比值（均为 P<0.01）更低，而在哺乳期第 21 天，这两种物质的活性和浓度均低于对照组。此外，接受胶束水飞蓟素处理的母猪的后代血清中的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）浓度也呈升高趋势（0.05<P<0.1）。综上所述，本研究表明，从第 109 天产前到第 21 天产后，母猪日粮中添加不同水平的胶束水飞蓟素，采食量、BW 损失、产奶量和断奶窝重均呈递增剂量依赖性增加，0.2%的胶束水飞蓟素可能是达到最佳效果的最优剂量。
