Vance David E, Pope Caitlin N, Fazeli Pariya L, Azuero Andres, Frank Jennifer S, Wadley Virginia G, Raper James L, Byun Jun Y, Ball Karlene K
David E. Vance, PhD, MGS, is a Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Caitlin N. Pope, PhD, is an Assistant Professor, Department of Health, Behavior, and Society, College of Public Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA. Pariya L. Fazeli, PhD, is an Associate Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Andres Azuero, PhD, is a Professor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Jennifer S. Frank, PhD, is a Neuropsychologist/Instructor, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Virginia G. Wadley, PhD, is a Professor Emerita, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. James L. Raper, PhD, JD, CRNP, is a Professor and Director of the 1917 (HIV/AIDS) Clinic, School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Jun Y. Byun, MSN, RN, is a PhD Student, School of Nursing, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA. Karlene K. Ball, PhD, is a Professor, Department of Psychology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
J Assoc Nurses AIDS Care. 2022;33(3):295-310. doi: 10.1097/JNC.0000000000000316. Epub 2021 Dec 6.
HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder (HAND) is experienced by 30% to 50% of people living with HIV (PLWH), potentially affecting their quality of life (QoL). In the Training on Purpose Study, we investigated whether targeted cognitive training can improve QoL in PLWH with HAND. Using a two-group experimental design, we randomized 109 adults with HAND to either (a) the Individualized-Targeted Cognitive Training group or (b) a no-contact control group. Those in the training group were assigned 10 hr of cognitive training per two selected cognitive domains (20 hr total) for which impairment was observed. Overall, two patterns emerged. First, significant improvements in measures of everyday cognitive complaints, depression, and mental health were consistently observed after the completion of many cognitive training protocols. Second, immediate and delayed spatial learning and memory training resulted in more significant indicators of QoL improvements compared with the other cognitive domain trainings. The findings suggest that some types of cognitive training may have advantages over others in improving aspects of QoL.
30%至50%的艾滋病毒感染者（PLWH）会出现与艾滋病毒相关的神经认知障碍（HAND），这可能会影响他们的生活质量（QoL）。在“有目的训练研究”中，我们调查了针对性的认知训练是否能改善患有HAND的PLWH的生活质量。采用两组实验设计，我们将109名患有HAND的成年人随机分为（a）个性化针对性认知训练组或（b）无接触对照组。训练组的参与者针对两个观察到有损伤的选定认知领域，每领域接受10小时的认知训练（共20小时）。总体而言，出现了两种模式。首先，在完成许多认知训练方案后，日常认知主诉、抑郁和心理健康指标均有显著改善。其次，与其他认知领域训练相比，即时和延迟的空间学习与记忆训练在生活质量改善指标方面更为显著。研究结果表明，某些类型的认知训练在改善生活质量方面可能比其他训练更具优势。
