Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CESAM Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Mass Spectrometry Centre, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal; CICECO Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Campus Universitário de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal.
Food Chem. 2022 May 1;375:131685. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131685. Epub 2021 Nov 27.
Glycolipids and phospholipids are the main reservoirs of omega polyunsaturated fatty acids in microalgae. Their extraction for the food industry requires food grade solvents, however, the use of these solvents is generally associated with low extraction yields. In this study, we evaluated the lipid extraction efficiency of food-grade ethanol, ultrasound-assisted ethanol (UAE) and dichloromethane/methanol (DCM) from Chlorella vulgaris cultivated under autotrophic and heterotrophic conditions. Yields of lipids, fatty acids (FA), and complex lipid profiles were determined by gravimetry, GC-MS, and LC-MS/MS, respectively. UAE and DCM showed the highest lipid yields with similar purity. The FA profiles were identical for all extracts. The polar lipidome of the DCM and UAE extracts was comparable, while the EtOH extracts were significantly different. These results demonstrated the effectiveness of UAE extraction to obtain high yields of polar lipids and omega-3 and -6-rich extracts from C. vulgaris that can be used for food applications.
糖脂和磷脂是微藻中ω多不饱和脂肪酸的主要储存库。它们的提取需要食品级溶剂，但这些溶剂的使用通常与低提取率有关。在这项研究中，我们评估了食品级乙醇、超声辅助乙醇（UAE）和二氯甲烷/甲醇（DCM）从自养和异养条件下培养的普通小球藻中的脂质提取效率。通过重量法、GC-MS 和 LC-MS/MS 分别测定脂质、脂肪酸（FA）和复杂脂质谱的产率。UAE 和 DCM 表现出最高的脂质产率，且纯度相似。所有提取物的 FA 图谱相同。DCM 和 UAE 提取物的极性脂质组相似，而 EtOH 提取物则有明显差异。这些结果表明，UAE 提取法可从普通小球藻中获得高产量的极性脂质和富含 ω-3 和 ω-6 的提取物，可用于食品应用。
