Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, 221 Burwood Highway, Burwood, VIC 3125, Australia.
Menzies Centre for Health Policy, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Bull World Health Organ. 2021 Dec 1;99(12):865-873. doi: 10.2471/BLT.20.283366. Epub 2021 Sep 29.
Implementation of effective cross-sectoral nutrition policies remains a challenge worldwide. By reviewing reports from World Health Organization meetings and consultations - convened for policy-makers representing Member States of the Western Pacific Region - we provide an insight into how national policy-makers and external actors can support different dimensions of nutrition policy implementation. Key insights of policy-makers attending food and nutrition-centred meetings include that country-level implementation of nutrition policy relies on strong policy design, organizational planning and governance mechanisms that promote collective responsibility across multiple sectors. Policy-makers responsible for implementing nutrition policies face major challenges resulting from limited capacity, both within and external to government, particularly in relation to monitoring and enforcement activities. Successful implementation of nutrition policy measures will require greater political will to provide the requisite resources and institutional structures to ensure sustained policy effectiveness. Nongovernmental partners, including international agencies and researchers, have an opportunity to support policy implementation by providing technical support to Member States to frame action on nutrition in a more compelling way. They can also help policy-makers to build the organizational and structural capacity to coordinate cross-sectoral policy. Improved policy design, planning and governance and strategic capacity-building, supported by external partners, can strengthen the sustained implementation of cross-sectoral nutrition policy and improve nutrition outcomes.
有效的跨部门营养政策的实施在全球范围内仍然是一个挑战。通过审查世界卫生组织为西太平洋地区会员国代表的政策制定者举行的会议和磋商的报告，我们深入了解了国家政策制定者和外部行为者如何能够支持营养政策实施的不同方面。参加以食物和营养为中心的会议的政策制定者的主要观点包括，国家一级的营养政策实施依赖于强有力的政策设计、组织规划和治理机制，以促进多个部门的集体责任。负责实施营养政策的政策制定者面临着由于政府内外能力有限而产生的重大挑战，特别是在监测和执法活动方面。要成功实施营养政策措施，就需要更大的政治意愿，提供必要的资源和体制结构，以确保政策的持续有效性。非政府合作伙伴，包括国际机构和研究人员，有机会通过向会员国提供技术支持，以更有说服力的方式制定有关营养的行动，从而支持政策实施。他们还可以帮助政策制定者建立组织和结构能力，以协调跨部门政策。在外部合作伙伴的支持下，改善政策设计、规划和治理以及战略能力建设，可以加强跨部门营养政策的持续实施，并改善营养成果。
