Gommeren Hanne, Bosmans Joyce, Cardon Emilie, Mertens Griet, Cras Patrick, Engelborghs Sebastiaan, Van Ombergen Angelique, Gilles Annick, Lammers Marc, Van Rompaey Vincent
Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, Edegem, Belgium.
Front Neurosci. 2021 Nov 18;15:781322. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2021.781322. eCollection 2021.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent cause of dementia which affects a growing number of people worldwide. Early identification of people at risk to develop AD should be prioritized. Hearing loss is considered an independent potentially modifiable risk factor for accelerated cognitive decline and dementia in older adults. The main outcome of interest of this review is the alteration of Cortical Auditory Evoked Potential (CAEP) morphology in an AD or mild cognitive impairment (MCI) population with and without hearing loss. Two investigators independently and systematically searched publications regarding auditory processing on a cortical level in people with cognitive impairment (MCI or AD) with and without hearing loss. Only articles which mentioned at least one auditory elicited event-related potential (ERP) component and that were written in English or Dutch were included. Animal studies were excluded. No restrictions were imposed regarding publication date. The reference list of potential sources were screened for additional articles. This systematic review found no eligible articles that met all inclusion criteria. Therefore, no results were included, resulting in an empty systematic review. In general, dysfunction - being either from cognitive or auditory origin - reduces CAEP amplitudes and prolongs latencies. Therefore, CAEPs may be a prognostic indicator in the early stages of cognitive decline. However, it remains unclear which CAEP component alteration is due to cognitive impairment, and which is due to hearing loss (or even both). In addition, vestibular dysfunction - associated with hearing loss, cognitive impairment and AD - may also alter CAEP responses. Further CAEP studies are warranted, integrating cognitive, hearing, and vestibular evaluations.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是痴呆最常见的病因，全球受其影响的人数日益增多。应优先对有患AD风险的人群进行早期识别。听力损失被认为是老年人认知功能加速衰退和患痴呆的一个独立的、可能可改变的风险因素。本综述关注的主要结果是在患有和未患有听力损失的AD或轻度认知障碍（MCI）人群中皮质听觉诱发电位（CAEP）形态的改变。两名研究者独立且系统地检索了有关认知障碍（MCI或AD）患者皮质水平听觉处理的文献，这些患者患有或未患有听力损失。仅纳入提及至少一种听觉诱发的事件相关电位（ERP）成分且以英文或荷兰文撰写的文章。排除动物研究。对发表日期未作限制。对潜在来源的参考文献列表进行筛查以寻找其他文章。该系统综述未找到符合所有纳入标准的合格文章。因此，未纳入任何结果，导致系统综述为空。一般来说，功能障碍——无论是认知性还是听觉性的——都会降低CAEP波幅并延长潜伏期。因此，CAEP可能是认知衰退早期阶段的一个预后指标。然而，尚不清楚哪些CAEP成分改变是由认知障碍引起的，哪些是由听力损失（甚至两者）引起的。此外，与听力损失、认知障碍和AD相关的前庭功能障碍也可能改变CAEP反应。有必要进一步开展CAEP研究，整合认知、听力和前庭评估。
