外泌体在免疫调节和自身免疫性甲状腺疾病中的作用。
The Roles of Exosomes in Immunoregulation and Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases.
机构信息
Department of Endocrinology, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, China.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Affiliated People's Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang Medical School of Nanjing Medical University, Zhenjiang, China.
出版信息
Front Immunol. 2021 Nov 15;12:757674. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.757674. eCollection 2021.
Exosomes are extracellular microvesicles (30-150 nm) released from cells that contain proteins, lipids, RNA and DNA. They can deliver bioactive molecules and serve as carriers facilitating cell-cell communication, such as antigen presentation, inflammatory activation, autoimmune diseases (AIDs) and tumor metastasis. Recently, much attention has been attracted to the biology and functions of exosomes in immune regulation and AIDs, including autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs). Some studies have shown that exosomes are involved in the occurrence and development of AITDs, but they are still in the preliminary stage of exploration. This review mainly introduces the association of exosomes with immune regulation and emphasizes the potential role of exosomes in AITDs, aiming to provide new research strategies and directions for the pathogenesis and early diagnosis of AITDs.
外泌体是从细胞中释放出来的细胞外微囊泡（30-150nm），其中含有蛋白质、脂质、RNA 和 DNA。它们可以传递生物活性分子，并作为载体促进细胞间的通讯，如抗原呈递、炎症激活、自身免疫性疾病（AIDs）和肿瘤转移。最近，人们对外泌体在免疫调节和 AIDs 中的生物学和功能，包括自身免疫性甲状腺疾病（AITDs），产生了浓厚的兴趣。一些研究表明，外泌体参与了 AITDs 的发生和发展，但它们仍处于探索的初步阶段。本文主要介绍了外泌体与免疫调节的关系，并强调了外泌体在 AITDs 中的潜在作用，旨在为 AITDs 的发病机制和早期诊断提供新的研究策略和方向。
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