Zhu Qidong, Sun Peng, Zhang Bingkun, Kong LingLian, Xiao Chuanpi, Song Zhigang
Department of Animal Science, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian, China.
Department of Nutrition Technology, Shandong Hekangyuan Cooperation, Jinan, China.
Front Nutr. 2021 Nov 17;8:692839. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2021.692839. eCollection 2021.
The perturbation of gut health is a common yet unresolved problem in broiler chicken production. Antibiotics used as growth promoters have remarkably improved the broiler production industry with high feed conversion efficiency and reduced intestinal problems. However, the misuse of antibiotics has also led to the increase in the development of antibiotic resistance and antibiotic residues in the meat. Many countries have enacted laws prohibiting the use of antibiotics in livestock production because of the increasing concerns from the consumers and the public. Consequently, one of the most significant discussions in the poultry industry is currently antibiotic-free livestock production. However, the biggest challenge in animal husbandry globally is the complete removal of antibiotics. The necessity to venture into antibiotic-free production has led researchers to look for alternatives to antibiotics in broiler chicken production. Many strategies can be used to replace the use of antibiotics in broiler farming. In recent years, many studies have been conducted to identify functional feed additives with similar beneficial effects as antibiotic growth promoters. Attention has been focused on prebiotics, probiotics, organic acids, emulsifiers, enzymes, essential oils, tributyrin, and medium-chain fatty acids. In this review, we focused on recent discoveries on gut health maintenance through the use of these functional feed additives as alternatives to antibiotics in the past 10 years to provide novel insights into the design of antibiotic-free feeds.
肠道健康的扰动是肉鸡生产中常见但尚未解决的问题。用作生长促进剂的抗生素显著提高了肉鸡生产行业的饲料转化效率，并减少了肠道问题。然而，抗生素的滥用也导致了抗生素耐药性的增加以及肉类中抗生素残留的问题。由于消费者和公众的担忧日益增加，许多国家已颁布法律禁止在牲畜生产中使用抗生素。因此，目前家禽行业最重要的讨论之一是无抗生素牲畜生产。然而，全球畜牧业面临的最大挑战是完全去除抗生素。涉足无抗生素生产的必要性促使研究人员在肉鸡生产中寻找抗生素的替代品。许多策略可用于替代肉鸡养殖中抗生素的使用。近年来，已经进行了许多研究来确定具有与抗生素生长促进剂类似有益效果的功能性饲料添加剂。人们的注意力集中在益生元、益生菌、有机酸、乳化剂、酶、精油、三丁酸甘油酯和中链脂肪酸上。在这篇综述中，我们重点关注了过去10年中通过使用这些功能性饲料添加剂作为抗生素替代品来维持肠道健康的最新发现，以便为无抗生素饲料的设计提供新的见解。
