3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
3B's Research Group, I3Bs - Research Institute on Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Parque de Ciência e Tecnologia, Zona Industrial da Gandra, Barco, 4805-017, Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga, Guimarães, Portugal.
Biomaterials. 2022 Jan;280:121299. doi: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121299. Epub 2021 Nov 30.
Despite significant achievements in the understanding and treatment of cancer, it remains a major burden. Traditional therapeutic approaches based on the 'one-size-fits-all' paradigm are becoming obsolete, as demonstrated by the increasing number of patients failing to respond to treatments. In contrast, more precise approaches based on individualized genetic profiling of tumors have already demonstrated their potential. However, even more personalized treatments display shortcomings mainly associated with systemic delivery, such as low local drug efficacy or specificity. A large amount of effort is currently being invested in developing precision medicine-based strategies for improving the efficiency of cancer theranostics and modelling, which are envisioned to be more accurate, standardized, localized, and less expensive. To this end, interdisciplinary research fields, such as biomedicine, material sciences, pharmacology, chemistry, tissue engineering, and nanotechnology, must converge for boosting the precision cancer ecosystem. In this regard, precision biomaterials have emerged as a promising strategy to detect, model, and treat cancer more efficiently. These are defined as those biomaterials precisely engineered with specific theranostic functions and bioactive components, with the possibility to be tailored to the cancer patient needs, thus having a vast potential in the increasing demand for more efficient treatments. In this review, we discuss the latest advances in the field of precision biomaterials in cancer research, which are expected to revolutionize disease management, focusing on their uses for cancer modelling, detection, and therapeutic applications. We finally comment on the needed requirements to accelerate their application in the clinic to improve cancer patient prognosis.
尽管在癌症的理解和治疗方面取得了重大进展，但它仍然是一个主要负担。基于“一刀切”范式的传统治疗方法已经过时，越来越多的患者对治疗反应不佳就证明了这一点。相比之下，基于肿瘤个体化基因谱的更精确方法已经显示出了它们的潜力。然而，即使是更个性化的治疗方法也主要存在与全身给药相关的缺点，例如局部药物疗效或特异性低。目前，大量的精力都投入到开发基于精准医学的策略中，以提高癌症治疗和建模的效率，这些策略被认为更加准确、标准化、本地化和更具成本效益。为此，生物医学、材料科学、药理学、化学、组织工程和纳米技术等跨学科研究领域必须汇聚在一起，以推动精准癌症生态系统的发展。在这方面，精准生物材料作为一种更有效地检测、建模和治疗癌症的有前途的策略已经出现。这些生物材料被定义为经过精确设计的具有特定治疗和诊断功能以及生物活性成分的生物材料，有可能根据癌症患者的需求进行定制，因此在对更高效治疗方法的需求不断增加的情况下具有巨大的潜力。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了精准生物材料在癌症研究领域的最新进展，这些进展有望彻底改变疾病管理，重点讨论它们在癌症建模、检测和治疗应用中的用途。最后，我们对加速其在临床上的应用以改善癌症患者预后所需的要求进行了评论。
