Regenerative Bioscience Science Center, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Division of Neuroscience, Biomedical & Translational Sciences Institute, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2022 Feb;11(4):e2101956. doi: 10.1002/adhm.202101956. Epub 2021 Dec 29.
Glioblastoma (GBM) is a stage IV astrocytoma that carries a dismal survival rate of ≈10 months postdiagnosis and treatment. The highly invasive capacity of GBM and its ability to escape therapeutic challenges are key factors contributing to the poor overall survival rate. While current treatments aim to target the cancer cell itself, they fail to consider the significant role that the GBM tumor microenvironment (TME) plays in promoting tumor progression and therapeutic resistance. The GBM tumor glycocalyx and glycan-rich extracellular matrix (ECM), which are important constituents of the TME have received little attention as therapeutic targets. A wide array of aberrantly modified glycans in the GBM TME mediate tumor growth, invasion, therapeutic resistance, and immunosuppression. Here, an overview of the landscape of aberrant glycan modifications in GBM is provided, and the design and utility of 3D glycomaterials are discussed as a tool to evaluate glycan-mediated GBM progression and therapeutic efficacy. The development of alternative strategies to target glycans in the TME can potentially unveil broader mechanisms of restricting tumor growth and enhancing the efficacy of tumor-targeting therapeutics.
胶质母细胞瘤（GBM）是一种 IV 期星形细胞瘤，在诊断和治疗后，其生存率约为 10 个月。GBM 具有高度侵袭性和逃避治疗挑战的能力，这是导致总体生存率低的关键因素。虽然目前的治疗方法旨在针对癌细胞本身，但它们没有考虑到 GBM 肿瘤微环境（TME）在促进肿瘤进展和治疗耐药性方面的重要作用。GBM 肿瘤糖萼和富含糖的细胞外基质（ECM）是 TME 的重要组成部分，但作为治疗靶点，它们很少受到关注。GBM TME 中存在广泛的异常糖基化修饰，这些修饰介导肿瘤生长、侵袭、治疗耐药和免疫抑制。本文概述了 GBM 中异常糖基化修饰的研究现状，并讨论了 3D 糖基材料的设计和应用，作为评估糖基介导的 GBM 进展和治疗效果的工具。靶向 TME 中糖的替代策略的开发可能揭示限制肿瘤生长和增强肿瘤靶向治疗效果的更广泛机制。
