Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Transport and Logistics Group, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX, Delft, the Netherlands.
Delft University of Technology, Faculty of Technology, Policy and Management, Transport and Logistics Group, Jaffalaan 5, 2628 BX, Delft, the Netherlands.
Soc Sci Med. 2022 Jan;292:114626. doi: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2021.114626. Epub 2021 Dec 2.
Vaccination is generally considered the most direct way to restoring normal life after the outbreak of COVID-19, but the available COVID-19 vaccines are simultaneously embraced and dismissed. Mapping factors for vaccine hesitancy may help the roll-out of COVID-19 vaccines and provide valuable insights for future pandemics.
We investigate how characteristics of a COVID-19 vaccine affect the preferences of adult citizens in the Netherlands to take the vaccine directly, to refuse it outright, or to wait a few months and first look at the experiences of others.
An online sample of 895 respondents participated between November 4th and November 10th, 2020 in a discrete choice experiment including the attributes: percentage of vaccinated individuals protected against COVID-19, month in which the vaccine would become available and the number of cases of mild and severe side effects. The data was analysed by means of panel mixed logit models.
Respondents found it important that a safe and effective COVID-19 vaccine becomes available as soon as possible. However, the majority did not want to be the first in line and would rather wait for the experiences of others. The predicted uptake of a vaccine with the optimal combination of attributes was 87%, of whom 55% preferred to take the vaccine after a waiting period. This latter group tends to be lower-educated. Older respondents gave more weight to vaccine effectiveness than younger respondents.
The willingness to take a COVID-19 vaccine is high among adults in the Netherlands, but a considerable proportion prefers to delay their decision to vaccinate until experiences of others are known. Offering this wait-and-see group the opportunity to accept the invitation at a later moment may stimulate vaccination uptake. Our results further suggest that vaccination campaigns targeted at older citizens should focus on the effectiveness of the vaccine.
接种疫苗通常被认为是 COVID-19 爆发后恢复正常生活的最直接途径，但现有的 COVID-19 疫苗同时受到欢迎和质疑。绘制疫苗犹豫因素图可能有助于 COVID-19 疫苗的推广，并为未来的大流行提供有价值的见解。
我们调查 COVID-19 疫苗的特性如何影响荷兰成年公民直接接种疫苗、直接拒绝接种疫苗，还是等待几个月，先观察他人的接种经验的意愿。
2020 年 11 月 4 日至 11 月 10 日，在一项离散选择实验中，895 名在线受访者参与了实验，实验包括以下属性：COVID-19 疫苗对受种者的保护率、疫苗可获得的月份以及轻度和重度副作用的病例数。通过面板混合对数模型对数据进行分析。
受访者认为尽快获得安全有效的 COVID-19 疫苗非常重要。然而，大多数人不想成为第一批接种者，而是宁愿等待他人的经验。预测具有最佳属性组合的疫苗接种率为 87%，其中 55%的人更愿意在等待期后接种疫苗。这部分人受教育程度较低。年长的受访者比年轻的受访者更看重疫苗的有效性。
荷兰成年人对接种 COVID-19 疫苗的意愿很高，但相当一部分人更愿意推迟接种决定，直到了解到他人的接种经验。为这一观望群体提供稍后接受邀请的机会可能会刺激疫苗接种率的提高。我们的研究结果还表明，针对老年人群体的疫苗接种活动应侧重于疫苗的有效性。
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