Montpellier Recherche en Économie, University of Montpellier, Avenue Raymond Dugrand, Montpellier, France.
Department of Management, Evaluation and Health Policy, School of Public Health, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Health Expect. 2024 Feb;27(1):e13963. doi: 10.1111/hex.13963.
The aims of this study were to elicit preferences about the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine campaign in the general French-speaking adult Quebec population and to highlight the characteristics of the vaccine campaign that were of major importance.
A discrete-choice experiment (DCE) was conducted between April and June 2021, in Quebec, Canada. A quota sampling method by age, gender and educational level was used to achieve a representative sample of the French-speaking adult population. The choice-based exercise was described by seven attributes within a vaccine campaign scenario. A mixed logit (MXL) model and a latent class logit (LCL) model were used to derive utility values. Age, gender, educational level, income and fear of COVID-19 were included as independent variables in the LCL.
A total of 1883 respondents were included for analysis, yielding 22,586 choices. From these choices, 3425 (15.16%) were refusals. In addition, 1159 (61.55%) individuals always accepted any of the vaccination campaigns, while 92 individuals (4.89%) always refused vaccine alternatives. According to the MXL, relative weight importance of attributes was effectiveness (32.50%), risk of side effects (24.76%), level of scientific evidence (22.51%), number of shots (15.73%), priority population (3.60%), type of vaccine (0.61%), and vaccination location (0.28%). Four classes were derived from the LCL model and attributes were more or less important according to them. Class 1 (19.8%) was more concerned about the effectiveness (27.99%), safety (24.22%) and the number of shots (21.82%), class 2 (55.3%) wanted a highly effective vaccine (40.16%) and class 3 (17.6%) gave high value to the scientific evidence (42.00%). Class 4 preferences (7.4%) were more balanced, with each attribute having a relative weight ranging from 1.84% (type of vaccine) to 21.32% (risk of side effects). Membership posterior probabilities to latent classes were found to be predicted by individual factors such as gender, annual income or fear of COVID-19.
Vaccination acceptance relies on multiple factors. This study allowed assessment of vaccination-specific issues through a choice-based exercise and description of factors influencing this choice by segmenting the sample and drawing profiles of individuals. Moreover, besides effectiveness and safety, a major point of this study was to show the importance given by the general population to the level of scientific evidence surrounding vaccines.
A small group of citizens was involved in the conception, design and interpretation of data. Participants of the DCE were all from the general population.
本研究旨在了解法语区魁北克成年人群对 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）疫苗接种活动的偏好，并强调疫苗接种活动的重要特征。
2021 年 4 月至 6 月，在加拿大魁北克省进行了一项离散选择实验（DCE）。采用年龄、性别和教育水平的配额抽样方法，以实现法语成年人群的代表性样本。基于疫苗接种活动场景，对选择的基础进行了七种属性的描述。采用混合对数（MXL）模型和潜在类别对数（LCL）模型得出效用值。年龄、性别、教育水平、收入和对 COVID-19 的恐惧被纳入 LCL 的自变量。
共有 1883 名受访者被纳入分析，共产生 22586 个选择。在这些选择中，有 3425 个（15.16%）是拒绝。此外，1159 人（61.55%）总是接受任何一种疫苗接种活动，92 人（4.89%）总是拒绝疫苗替代方案。根据 MXL，属性的相对权重重要性为有效性（32.50%）、副作用风险（24.76%）、科学证据水平（22.51%）、接种次数（15.73%）、优先人群（3.60%）、疫苗类型（0.61%）和接种地点（0.28%）。LCL 模型得出了四个类别，根据这些类别，属性的重要性或多或少。第一类（19.8%）更关注有效性（27.99%）、安全性（24.22%）和接种次数（21.82%），第二类（55.3%）希望疫苗高度有效（40.16%），第三类（17.6%）高度重视科学证据（42.00%）。第四类偏好（7.4%）更为均衡，每个属性的相对权重范围从 1.84%（疫苗类型）到 21.32%（副作用风险）。通过对个体因素（如性别、年收入或对 COVID-19 的恐惧）进行分层和绘制个体特征图，发现对潜在类别成员概率的预测。
疫苗接种的接受取决于多种因素。本研究通过基于选择的练习评估了疫苗接种的具体问题，并通过对样本进行细分和绘制个体特征图，描述了影响这一选择的因素。此外，除了有效性和安全性外，本研究的一个主要重点是展示普通人群对疫苗相关科学证据的重视程度。
一小部分公民参与了概念、设计和数据解释。DCE 的参与者均来自普通人群。
