Tang Yijing, Zhang Dong, Gong Xiong, Zheng Jie
Department of Chemical, Biomolecular, and Corrosion Engineering, The University of Akron, OH, United States of America.
Department of Polymer Engineering, The University of Akron, OH, United States of America.
Biophys Chem. 2022 Feb;281:106735. doi: 10.1016/j.bpc.2021.106735. Epub 2021 Nov 30.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common, age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder. While AD has been intensively studied from different aspects, there is no effective cure for AD, largely due to a lack of a clear mechanistic understanding of AD. In this mini-review, we mainly focus on the discussion and summary of mechanistic causes of Alzheimer's disease (AD). While different AD mechanisms illustrate different molecular and cellular pathways in AD pathogenesis, they do not necessarily exclude each other. Instead, some of them could work together to initiate, trigger, and promote the onset and development of AD. In a broader viewpoint, some AD mechanisms (e.g., amyloid aggregation mechanism, microbial infection/neuroinflammation mechanism, and amyloid cross-seeding mechanism) could also be applicable to other amyloid diseases including type II diabetes, Parkinson's disease, and prion disease. Such common mechanisms for AD and other amyloid diseases explain not only the pathogenesis of individual amyloid diseases, but also the spreading of pathologies between these diseases, which will inspire new strategies for therapeutic intervention and prevention for AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是最常见的、与年龄相关的神经退行性疾病。尽管已经从不同方面对AD进行了深入研究，但目前尚无有效的AD治疗方法，这主要是由于对AD缺乏清晰的机制理解。在本综述中，我们主要聚焦于阿尔茨海默病（AD）机制病因的讨论与总结。虽然不同的AD机制阐述了AD发病机制中不同的分子和细胞途径，但它们不一定相互排斥。相反，其中一些机制可能共同作用，引发、触发并促进AD的发生和发展。从更广泛的角度来看，一些AD机制（例如淀粉样蛋白聚集机制、微生物感染/神经炎症机制和淀粉样蛋白交叉播种机制）也可能适用于其他淀粉样疾病，包括II型糖尿病、帕金森病和朊病毒病。AD与其他淀粉样疾病的这种共同机制不仅解释了个体淀粉样疾病的发病机制，也解释了这些疾病之间病理的传播，这将为AD的治疗干预和预防带来新的策略。
