利益相关者视角下伊朗儿童肥胖预防政策的障碍和促进因素：德尔菲法研究。
Stakeholders perspectives of barriers and facilitators of childhood obesity prevention policies in Iran: A Delphi method study.
机构信息
Department of Community Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Health Policy and Management, School of Management and Medical Informatics, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, 14711, Tabriz, 5166614711, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Dec 11;21(1):2260. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12282-7.
BACKGROUND
The prevalence of obesity among children and adolescents is one of the most important health challenges of the present century. Many factors affect the prevention policies related to this health problem and make their implementation difficult. This study examined perceived barriers and facilitators of childhood obesity prevention policies by stakeholders.
METHODS
A qualitative descriptive research design based on Delphi method was conducted. In addition, semi-structured one-to-one interviews were conducted with childhood obesity prevention policy stakeholders (n=39) and initial identification of barriers and facilitators in this area. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and finally analyzed, followed by using thematic analysis. Subsequently, two-round Delphi panel was done by sending e-mails to stakeholders (21 stakeholders participated in the first round and 15 stakeholders in the second round) for the final selection of barriers and facilitators of obesity prevention policies among children and adolescents in Iran.
RESULTS
The identified barriers and facilitators were divided into three levels: individual, executive, and structural. Barriers and facilitators of the structural level showed a high score and priority regarding obesity prevention policies among children and adolescents.
CONCLUSION
The existence of significant barriers at all three levels and especially at the structural level were among the concerns of stakeholders.
背景
儿童和青少年肥胖的流行是本世纪最重要的健康挑战之一。许多因素影响与这一健康问题相关的预防政策，并使其难以实施。本研究通过利益相关者调查了儿童肥胖预防政策的感知障碍和促进因素。
方法
采用基于德尔菲法的定性描述性研究设计。此外，还对儿童肥胖预防政策利益相关者（n=39）进行了半结构化一对一访谈，初步确定了这一领域的障碍和促进因素。访谈以数字形式记录、逐字转录，最后进行分析，采用主题分析。随后，通过向利益相关者发送电子邮件进行了两轮德尔菲小组讨论（第一轮有 21 名利益相关者参加，第二轮有 15 名利益相关者参加），以最终选择伊朗儿童和青少年肥胖预防政策的障碍和促进因素。
结果
确定的障碍和促进因素分为三个层次：个人、执行和结构。结构层次的障碍和促进因素在儿童和青少年肥胖预防政策方面得分较高，优先级也较高。
结论
所有三个层次，特别是结构层次都存在重大障碍，这是利益相关者关注的问题之一。
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