National Research Centre for Radiation Medicine, Kyiv, 04050, Ukraine.
Radiation Epidemiology Branch, DCEG, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, NIH, DHHS, National Cancer Institute, 9609 Medical Center Dr., Rm 7E542, Bethesda, MD, MS 9778, USA.
Eur J Epidemiol. 2022 Jan;37(1):67-77. doi: 10.1007/s10654-021-00822-9. Epub 2021 Dec 12.
Although much is known about the radiation-related risk of thyroid cancer in those exposed at young ages, less is known about the risk due to adult exposure, particularly in men. We aimed to examine the association between thyroid radiation dose received during adulthood and thyroid cancer risk in men. We conducted a nested case-control study (149 cases; 458 controls) of male, Ukrainian cleanup workers who first worked in the Chornobyl zone between ages 18 and 59 years, with cases identified through linkage with the National Cancer Registry of Ukraine from 1988 to 2012. Individual thyroid doses due to external and internal exposure during the cleanup mission and during residence in contaminated settlements were estimated (total dose mean 199 mGy; range 0.15 mGy to 9.0 Gy). The excess odds ratio per gray (EOR/Gy) for overall thyroid cancer was 0.40 (95% CI: - 0.05, 1.48; p-value = 0.118). Time since exposure was borderline significant (p-value = 0.061) in modifying this association so that less time since exposure was associated with a stronger EOR/Gy. An elevated, but nonsignificant association was observed for follicular thyroid cancer (EOR/Gy = 1.72; 95% CI: - 0.25, 13.69; p-value = 0.155) based on a small number of cases (n = 24). Our findings for radiation-related overall thyroid cancer risk are consistent with evidence of increased risks observed in most of the other studies of adult exposure, though the magnitude of the effect in this study is lower than in the previous case-control study of Chornobyl cleanup workers.
虽然人们对年轻时暴露于辐射的人群患甲状腺癌的风险有了很多了解，但对成年后暴露于辐射的人群，尤其是男性，患甲状腺癌的风险知之甚少。我们旨在研究成年后接受的甲状腺辐射剂量与男性甲状腺癌风险之间的关联。我们进行了一项嵌套病例对照研究（149 例病例；458 例对照），研究对象为 1988 年至 2012 年期间首次在年龄为 18 至 59 岁期间在切尔诺贝利地区工作的乌克兰男性清理工人。通过与乌克兰国家癌症登记处的联系确定了病例。估算了在清理任务期间以及居住在污染定居点期间因外部和内部暴露而导致的个体甲状腺剂量（总剂量平均值为 199mGy；范围为 0.15mGy 至 9.0Gy）。整体甲状腺癌的每克危险比（EOR/Gy）为 0.40（95%CI：-0.05，1.48；p 值=0.118）。暴露后时间对此关联具有边界显著性（p 值=0.061），表明暴露后时间越短，EOR/Gy 越大。基于病例数量较少（n=24），观察到滤泡状甲状腺癌的风险升高，但无统计学意义（EOR/Gy=1.72；95%CI：-0.25，13.69；p 值=0.155）。我们的研究结果表明，与大多数其他成人暴露研究观察到的风险增加相一致，尽管该研究中的效应幅度低于先前对切尔诺贝利清理工人的病例对照研究。
