Yang Ludi, Gu Xiang, Yu Jie, Ge Shengfang, Fan Xianqun
Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Nov 26;9:790150. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.790150. eCollection 2021.
Oncolytic viruses are naturally occurring or genetically engineered viruses that can replicate preferentially in tumor cells and inhibit tumor growth. These viruses have been considered an effective anticancer strategy in recent years. They mainly function by direct oncolysis, inducing an anticancer immune response and expressing exogenous effector genes. Their multifunctional characteristics indicate good application prospects as cancer therapeutics, especially in combination with other therapies, such as radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Therefore, it is necessary to comprehensively understand the utility of oncolytic viruses in cancer therapeutics. Here, we review the characteristics, antitumor mechanisms, clinical applications, deficiencies and associated solutions, and future prospects of oncolytic viruses.
溶瘤病毒是天然存在或经过基因工程改造的病毒，能够优先在肿瘤细胞中复制并抑制肿瘤生长。近年来，这些病毒被视为一种有效的抗癌策略。它们主要通过直接溶瘤、诱导抗癌免疫反应以及表达外源性效应基因发挥作用。其多功能特性表明作为癌症治疗药物具有良好的应用前景，尤其是与放疗、化疗和免疫疗法等其他疗法联合使用时。因此，有必要全面了解溶瘤病毒在癌症治疗中的效用。在此，我们综述了溶瘤病毒的特性、抗肿瘤机制、临床应用、不足之处及相关解决方案以及未来前景。
