Negri Attà, Andreoli Giovanbattista, Mariani Rachele, De Bei Francesco, Rocco Diego, Greco Andrea, Bucci Wilma
Department of Human and Social Sciences, University of Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
Department of Dynamic and Clinical Psychology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Clin Neuropsychiatry. 2020 Dec;17(6):319-329. doi: 10.36131/cnfioritieditore20200601.
Bucci's multiple code theory maintains that for a significant change the patient-therapist relationship should foster a referential process shaping in three alternating phases: arousal of emotion schemas, symbolizing/narrating emotional experiences, and reflecting/reorganizing the emotional meanings. Until now to monitor these phases clinicians and researchers have used several referential process computerized linguistic measures, which however need the sessions verbatim transcription. In order to have a less time-consuming method we developed and tested a therapist self-report questionnaire measuring the referential process phases.
We asked eight psychotherapists in a first study and nine psychotherapists in a second study to complete the Referential Process Post-session Scale - Therapist version (RPPS-T) just after the end of their sessions. In a third study we transcribed 29 sessions conducted by three psychotherapists to calculate the correlations between the RPPS-T scores and the computerized linguistic measures of the referential process calculated on the session transcripts.
In the first study we collected 105 evaluations regarding 29 patients and an exploratory factor analysis revealed a four-factor pattern consistent with the hypothesized constructs. The analysis reduced the initial pool of 42 items to 12. In the second study 130 sessions with 25 different patients have been evaluated on the shortened version of the RPPS-T and a confirmatory factor analysis found that the four-factor model satisfactorily fitted the new data as well. In the third study we found that the factors of RPPS-T regarding the symbolizing phase correlated with the corresponding computerized linguistic measures calculated on the session transcripts.
The RPPS-T received a first validation as a concurrent measure of the referential process, especially for the symbolizing phase, and could be considered a useful instrument for research and supervision.
布奇的多重编码理论认为，对于显著改变而言，患者与治疗师的关系应促进一个参照过程，该过程在三个交替阶段形成：情绪图式的唤起、对情感体验进行符号化/叙述，以及对情感意义进行反思/重组。到目前为止，为了监测这些阶段，临床医生和研究人员使用了几种参照过程的计算机化语言测量方法，但这些方法需要逐字记录治疗过程。为了获得一种耗时较少的方法，我们开发并测试了一种测量参照过程阶段的治疗师自评问卷。
在第一项研究中，我们让8名心理治疗师，在第二项研究中让9名心理治疗师在治疗结束后立即完成参照过程治疗后量表-治疗师版（RPPS-T）。在第三项研究中，我们转录了由3名心理治疗师进行的29次治疗过程，以计算RPPS-T得分与根据治疗记录计算的参照过程的计算机化语言测量之间的相关性。
在第一项研究中，我们收集了关于29名患者的105份评估，探索性因素分析揭示了一种与假设结构一致的四因素模式。该分析将最初的42个项目缩减至12个。在第二项研究中，对25名不同患者的130次治疗过程进行了RPPS-T简化版评估，验证性因素分析发现四因素模型也能很好地拟合新数据。在第三项研究中，我们发现RPPS-T中关于符号化阶段的因素与根据治疗记录计算的相应计算机化语言测量相关。
RPPS-T作为参照过程的并行测量工具，尤其是对于符号化阶段，首次获得了验证，可被视为研究和督导的有用工具。
