Herrera-Añazco Percy, Urrunaga-Pastor Diego, Benites-Zapata Vicente A, Bendezu-Quispe Guido, Toro-Huamanchumo Carlos J, Hernandez Adrian V
Universidad Privada San Juan Bautista, Lima, Peru.
Instituto de Evaluación de Tecnologías en Salud e Investigación - IETSI, EsSalud, Lima, Peru.
Prev Med Rep. 2022 Feb;25:101665. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101665. Epub 2021 Dec 10.
Community mitigation strategies (CMS) have demonstrated to be effective in the reduction of transmission and incidence of COVID-19, especially in the population with symptoms associated with the disease. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between the presence of COVID-19 symptoms and adherence to CMS in Latin American adults.
We carried out a secondary analysis of a database developed by the University of Maryland and Facebook social network during the COVID-19 pandemic. We included Latin American adults that used the Facebook platform and participated in a survey conducted from April 23 to May 23, 2020. The principal outcome variable was reported compliance with the three main CMS (physical distancing, use of face masks, and hand washing). The exposure variable included symptoms suspicious for COVID-19 defined as the presence of three or more symptoms of an acute clinical case of COVID-19. We performed generalized linear models of the Poisson family with a logarithmic link function to evaluate the association between the presence of COVID-19 symptoms and reported compliance with CMS. We calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (PR) with their 95% confidence intervals (95%CI).
We analyzed 1,310,690 adults from Latin America; 48.1% were male and 42.9% were under 35 years of age. The prevalence of suspicious symptoms of COVID-19 was 18.5% and reported compliance with the three CMS was 45.3%. The countries with the highest proportion of reported compliance with the three CMS were Peru, Bolivia and Panama, while those with the lowest reported compliance were Costa Rica, Nicaragua and Honduras. In the adjusted model, people with suspicious symptoms for COVID-19 had a 14% lower compliance with the three CMS (aPR = 0.86; 95%CI: 0.85-0.87; p < 0.001).
Less than half of the participants complied with the CMS, and those presenting suspicious symptoms for COVID-19 had lower reported compliance with the three CMS.
社区缓解策略（CMS）已被证明在降低新冠病毒传播和发病率方面有效，尤其是在出现与该疾病相关症状的人群中。本研究的目的是评估拉丁美洲成年人中新冠病毒症状的存在与对CMS的依从性之间的关联。
我们对马里兰大学和脸书社交网络在新冠疫情期间开发的一个数据库进行了二次分析。我们纳入了使用脸书平台并参与了2020年4月23日至5月23日进行的一项调查的拉丁美洲成年人。主要结局变量是报告的对三项主要CMS（保持社交距离、佩戴口罩和洗手）的依从情况。暴露变量包括疑似新冠病毒症状，定义为出现三例或更多例新冠病毒急性临床病例的症状。我们使用对数链接函数进行泊松族广义线性模型，以评估新冠病毒症状的存在与报告的对CMS的依从性之间的关联。我们计算了粗患病率比（PR）和调整后的患病率比及其95%置信区间（95%CI）。
我们分析了来自拉丁美洲的1310690名成年人；48.1%为男性，42.9%年龄在35岁以下。新冠病毒疑似症状的患病率为18.5%，报告的对三项CMS的依从率为45.3%。报告对三项CMS依从率最高的国家是秘鲁、玻利维亚和巴拿马，而报告依从率最低的国家是哥斯达黎加、尼加拉瓜和洪都拉斯。在调整后的模型中，有新冠病毒疑似症状的人对三项CMS的依从性降低了14%（调整后PR = 0.86；95%CI：0.85 - 0.87；p < 0.001）。
不到一半的参与者遵守了CMS，而那些出现新冠病毒疑似症状的人报告的对三项CMS的依从性较低。
