Mollá-Albaladejo Rubén, Sánchez-Alcañiz Juan A
Instituto de Neurociencias, UMH&CSIC, San Juan de Alicante, Spain.
Front Physiol. 2021 Nov 30;12:719038. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2021.719038. eCollection 2021.
Among individuals, behavioral differences result from the well-known interplay of nature and nurture. Minute differences in the genetic code can lead to differential gene expression and function, dramatically affecting developmental processes and adult behavior. Environmental factors, epigenetic modifications, and gene expression and function are responsible for generating stochastic behaviors. In the last decade, the advent of high-throughput sequencing has facilitated studying the genetic basis of behavior and individuality. We can now study the genomes of multiple individuals and infer which genetic variations might be responsible for the observed behavior. In addition, the development of high-throughput behavioral paradigms, where multiple isogenic animals can be analyzed in various environmental conditions, has again facilitated the study of the influence of genetic and environmental variations in animal personality. Mainly, has been the focus of a great effort to understand how inter-individual behavioral differences emerge. The possibility of using large numbers of animals, isogenic populations, and the possibility of modifying neuronal function has made it an ideal model to search for the origins of individuality. In the present review, we will focus on the recent findings that try to shed light on the emergence of individuality with a particular interest in .
在个体之间，行为差异源于众所周知的先天与后天的相互作用。遗传密码中的微小差异可导致基因表达和功能的差异，极大地影响发育过程和成年后的行为。环境因素、表观遗传修饰以及基因表达和功能导致了随机行为的产生。在过去十年中，高通量测序技术的出现推动了对行为和个体性遗传基础的研究。我们现在可以研究多个个体的基因组，并推断哪些基因变异可能导致所观察到的行为。此外，高通量行为范式的发展，即在各种环境条件下可以分析多个同基因动物，再次促进了对基因和环境变异对动物个性影响的研究。主要而言， 一直是人们努力理解个体间行为差异如何出现的重点。使用大量动物、同基因群体的可能性以及改变神经元功能的可能性使其成为寻找个体性起源的理想模型。在本综述中，我们将重点关注最近的研究结果，这些结果试图阐明个体性的出现，尤其关注 。
