a:1:{s:5:"en_US";s:82:"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy";}.
Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
Med Lav. 2021 Dec 23;112(6):436-443. doi: 10.23749/mdl.v112i6.12213.
The Covid-19 pandemic in Italy has been characterized by three waves of infection during 2020. Vaccination of healthcare workers started in January 2021, earlier than that of other population groups. The main aim of this study is to compare the spread of the pandemic between HCW and the general population focusing on potential effects of the vaccination.
The study consisted of a retrospective analysis of results of RT-PCR tests performed between 6 March 2020 and 4 April 2021 among HCWs from Bologna, Italy, and those of the general population of Emilia Romagna region. We calculated the crude proportion of positive RT-PCR tests over total tests and the crude prevalence of positive test in population; then, we conducted joinpoint analyses using the Joinpoint Regression Program of the National Cancer Institute.
The results of the joinpoint analysis show that both φ and ψ ratio indicators have a similar pattern, with a sharp increase during the early phase of the pandemic, and a strong decrease at the end of the first wave around week 15. In both indicators there are no significant changes in the trend after week 25. Pandemic spread among HCWs appeared earlier than in the general population, but it otherwise appeared to have comparable features. A decline in infection was apparent among HCWs after vaccination.
Surveillance of HCWs would inform on the epidemic in the general population. The apparent effectiveness of the anti-SarsCoV2 vaccine will likely occur in the general population.
意大利的新冠疫情在 2020 年期间经历了三波感染高峰。医护人员的疫苗接种于 2021 年 1 月开始，早于其他人群。本研究的主要目的是比较医护人员和普通人群中疫情的传播情况，重点关注疫苗接种的潜在影响。
本研究是对意大利博洛尼亚的医护人员和艾米利亚-罗马涅地区普通人群在 2020 年 3 月 6 日至 2021 年 4 月 4 日期间进行的 RT-PCR 检测结果进行的回顾性分析。我们计算了总检测中阳性 RT-PCR 检测的粗比例和人群中阳性检测的粗患病率；然后，我们使用国家癌症研究所的 Joinpoint 回归程序进行了 Joinpoint 分析。
Joinpoint 分析的结果表明，φ 和 ψ 比值指标具有相似的模式，在疫情早期急剧上升，在第一波疫情结束时（大约第 15 周）大幅下降。在第 25 周之后，两个指标的趋势都没有明显变化。医护人员中的疫情传播比普通人群更早，但其他方面似乎具有相似的特征。接种疫苗后，医护人员中的感染率明显下降。
对医护人员的监测可以了解普通人群中的疫情情况。抗 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的明显效果可能会在普通人群中出现。
