Rigel Darrell S, Lim Henry W, Draelos Zoe D, Weber Teresa M, Taylor Susan C
Department of Dermatology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mt Sinai, New York, New York.
Department of Dermatology, Henry Ford Health, Detroit, Michigan.
J Am Acad Dermatol. 2022 Mar;86(3S):S18-S26. doi: 10.1016/j.jaad.2021.12.023. Epub 2021 Dec 20.
The effects of solar radiation on human skin differ based on the skin phototype, presence or absence of photodermatoses, biologic capacity to repair DNA damage, wavelength, intensity of sun exposure, geographic latitude, and other factors, underscoring the need for a more tailored approach to photoprotection. To date, the focus of photoprotection guidelines has been to prevent sunburn and DNA damage induced by UV radiation, both UVB and UVA; however, several recent studies have shown that visible light also generates reactive oxygen and nitrogen species that can contribute to skin damage and pigmentation on the skin, particularly in people with skin of color. Therefore, individuals with dark skin, while naturally better protected against UVB radiation by virtue of the high eumelanin content in melanocytes, may need additional protection from visible light-induced skin damage. The current options for photoprotection products need to expand, and potential strategies against visible light include the addition of iron oxide, titanium dioxide, and biologically relevant antioxidants to sunscreen formulations as well as supplementation with orally active antioxidants.
太阳辐射对人体皮肤的影响因皮肤光类型、是否存在光皮肤病、修复DNA损伤的生物能力、波长、阳光照射强度、地理纬度以及其他因素而有所不同，这突出表明需要采取更具针对性的光防护方法。迄今为止，光防护指南的重点一直是预防紫外线（UV）辐射（包括UVB和UVA）引起的晒伤和DNA损伤；然而，最近的几项研究表明，可见光也会产生活性氧和氮物种，这些物质会导致皮肤损伤和色素沉着，尤其是在有色人种皮肤的人群中。因此，深色皮肤的人虽然由于黑素细胞中高含量的真黑素而天然地对UVB辐射有更好的防护作用，但可能需要额外的保护以防止可见光引起的皮肤损伤。目前光防护产品的选择需要扩展，针对可见光的潜在策略包括在防晒配方中添加氧化铁、二氧化钛和具有生物学相关性的抗氧化剂，以及口服活性抗氧化剂补充剂。
