Departamento de Química Ambiental, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Católica de la Santísima Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
Instituto de Biotecnología, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de San Juan, San Juan, Argentina.
Biol Res. 2021 Dec 24;54(1):44. doi: 10.1186/s40659-021-00367-x.
Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are the natural enemies of insect pests. Nevertheless, research on the use of EPF for simultaneous prevention of pest and disease agents on the same crop is limited. In this study, we explored the potential dual effects of three strains of the EPF Metarhizium anisopliae on the control of detrimental agents of Vitis vinifera L., including different developmental stages (larvae, pupae, and adult) of the insect pest Lobesia botrana and the phytopathogenic fungus Eutypella microtheca.
Laboratory pathogenicity trials were performed to examine the effects of the three M. anisopliae strains on the mortality rate of L. botrana. In addition, field trials were conducted to assess the biocontrol potential of one selected M. anisopliae strain on the larval stage of L. botrana. Moreover, inhibitory effects of the three EPF strains on E. microtheca growth were examined in vitro.
All the M. anisopliae strains were highly effective, killing all stages of L. botrana as well as inhibiting the growth of E. microtheca. The in vitro mortality of larvae treated with the strains was over 75%, whereas that of treated pupae and adults was over 85%. The three EPF strains showed similar efficacy against larvae and adult stages; nevertheless, pupal mortality was observed to be strain dependent. Mortality of L. botrana larvae ranged from 64 to 91% at field conditions. Inhibition of E. microtheca growth reached 50% in comparison to the control.
Our study showed that M. anisopliae strains were highly effective in ensuring control of two different detrimental agents of V. vinifera L., providing new evidence to support the dual effects of entomopathogenic fungi.
昆虫病原真菌（EPF）是害虫的天敌。然而，关于 EPF 同时用于防治同一作物上的病虫害的研究有限。在本研究中，我们探索了三种绿僵菌（Metarhizium anisopliae）菌株对防治葡萄藤（Vitis vinifera L.）有害生物的潜在双重作用，包括鳞翅目害虫欧洲玉米螟（Lobesia botrana）的不同发育阶段（幼虫、蛹和成虫）和病原菌微白僵菌（Eutypella microtheca）。
进行实验室致病性试验，以检查三种绿僵菌菌株对欧洲玉米螟死亡率的影响。此外，进行田间试验评估一种选定的绿僵菌菌株对欧洲玉米螟幼虫阶段的生物防治潜力。此外，还在体外检验了三种 EPF 菌株对 E. microtheca 生长的抑制作用。
所有的绿僵菌菌株都非常有效，可杀死欧洲玉米螟的所有阶段，并抑制 E. microtheca 的生长。经菌株处理的幼虫的体外死亡率超过 75%，而经处理的蛹和成虫的死亡率超过 85%。三种 EPF 菌株对幼虫和成虫阶段的效果相似；然而，蛹的死亡率取决于菌株。田间条件下欧洲玉米螟幼虫的死亡率为 64%至 91%。与对照相比，E. microtheca 的生长抑制率达到 50%。
我们的研究表明，绿僵菌菌株在确保防治两种不同的葡萄藤有害生物方面非常有效，为支持昆虫病原真菌的双重作用提供了新的证据。
