剖析马来西亚的疫情：多样化新冠疫苗组合的有效性

PICK-ing Malaysia's Epidemic Apart: Effectiveness of a Diverse COVID-19 Vaccine Portfolio.

作者信息

Suah Jing Lian, Tok Peter Seah Keng, Ong Su Miin, Husin Masliyana, Tng Boon Hwa, Sivasampu Sheamini, Thevananthan Thevesh, Appannan Maheshwara Rao, Muhamad Zin Faizah, Mohd Zin Shahanizan, Yahaya Hazlina, Rusli Norhayati, Ujang Mohd Fikri, Mohd Ibrahim Hishamshah, Abdullah Noor Hisham, Peariasamy Kalaiarasu M

机构信息

COVID-19 Immunisation Task Force, Government of Malaysia, Putrajaya 62000, Malaysia.

Institute for Clinical Research, National Institutes of Health, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Setia Alam 40170, Malaysia.

出版信息

Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Nov 24;9(12):1381. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9121381.

Malaysia rolled out a diverse portfolio of predominantly three COVID-19 vaccines (AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac) beginning 24 February 2021. We evaluated vaccine effectiveness with two methods, covering 1 April to 15 September 2021: (1) the screening method for COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) infection and symptomatic COVID-19; and (2) a retrospective cohort of confirmed COVID-19 cases for COVID-19 related ICU admission and death using logistic regression. The screening method estimated partial vaccination to be 48.8% effective (95% CI: 46.8, 50.7) against COVID-19 infection and 33.5% effective (95% CI: 31.6, 35.5) against symptomatic COVID-19. Full vaccination is estimated at 87.8% effective (95% CI: 85.8, 89.7) against COVID-19 infection and 85.4% effective (95% CI: 83.4, 87.3) against symptomatic COVID-19. Among the cohort of confirmed COVID-19 cases, partial vaccination with any of the three vaccines is estimated at 31.3% effective (95% CI: 28.5, 34.1) in preventing ICU admission, and 45.1% effective (95% CI: 42.6, 47.5) in preventing death. Full vaccination with any of the three vaccines is estimated at 79.1% effective (95% CI: 77.7, 80.4) in preventing ICU admission and 86.7% effective (95% CI: 85.7, 87.6) in preventing deaths. Our findings suggest that full vaccination with any of the three predominant vaccines (AZD1222, BNT162b2, and CoronaVac) in Malaysia has been highly effective in preventing COVID-19 infection, symptomatic COVID-19, COVID-19-related ICU admission, and death.

自2021年2月24日起，马来西亚推出了以三种新冠疫苗（阿斯利康新冠疫苗AZD1222、辉瑞新冠疫苗BNT162b2和科兴新冠疫苗CoronaVac）为主的多种疫苗组合。我们用两种方法评估了疫苗有效性，时间范围为2021年4月1日至9月15日：（1）新冠病毒（SARS-CoV-2）感染和有症状新冠病例的筛查方法；（2）使用逻辑回归对确诊新冠病例中与新冠相关的重症监护病房收治和死亡情况进行回顾性队列研究。筛查方法估计部分接种疫苗对预防新冠病毒感染的有效性为48.8%（95%置信区间：46.8, 50.7），对预防有症状新冠病例的有效性为33.5%（95%置信区间：31.6, 35.5）。完全接种疫苗对预防新冠病毒感染的有效性估计为87.8%（95%置信区间：85.8, 89.7），对预防有症状新冠病例的有效性为85.4%（95%置信区间：83.4, 87.3）。在确诊新冠病例队列中，三种疫苗中的任何一种进行部分接种估计对预防重症监护病房收治的有效性为31.3%（95%置信区间：28.5, 34.1），对预防死亡的有效性为45.1%（95%置信区间：42.6, 47.5）。三种疫苗中的任何一种进行完全接种估计对预防重症监护病房收治的有效性为79.1%（95%置信区间：77.7, 80.4），对预防死亡的有效性为86.7%（95%置信区间：85.7, 87.6）。我们的研究结果表明，在马来西亚，三种主要疫苗（AZD1222、BNT162b2和CoronaVac）中的任何一种进行完全接种在预防新冠病毒感染、有症状新冠病例、与新冠相关的重症监护病房收治和死亡方面都非常有效。