Li Zhen, Bao Xiaoyu, Sheng Yingying, Xia Yu
School of Management, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
Faculty of Business and Economics, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2021 Dec 15;12:794394. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.794394. eCollection 2021.
At present, China's engineering safety management has developed to a certain level, but the number of casualties caused by construction accidents is still increasing in recent years, and the safety problems in the construction industry are still worrying. For purpose of effectively reducing construction workers' unsafe behavior and improve the efficiency of construction safety management, based on multi-agent modeling, this paper analyzes the influencing factors during construction workers' cognitive process from the perspective of safety cognition, constructs the interaction and cognition of the agent under the bidirectional effect of formal rule awareness and conformity mentality model, and set behavior rules and parameters through the Net Logo platform for simulation. The results show that: Unsafe behavior of construction workers is related to the failure of cognitive process, and the role of workers' psychology and consciousness will affect the cognitive process; The higher the level of conformity intention of construction workers, the easier it is to increase the unsafe behavior of the group; Formal rule awareness can play a greater role only when the management standard is at a high level, and can correct the workers' safety cognition and effectively correct the workers' unsafe behavior; Under certain construction site environmental risks, the interaction between formal rule awareness and conformity mentality in an appropriate range is conducive to the realization of construction project life cycle management. This study has certain theoretical and practical significance for in-depth understanding of safety cognition and reducing unsafe behavior of construction team.
目前，我国工程安全管理已发展到一定水平，但近年来建筑事故造成的伤亡人数仍在增加，建筑行业的安全问题仍令人担忧。为有效减少建筑工人的不安全行为，提高建筑安全管理效率，本文基于多智能体建模，从安全认知角度分析建筑工人认知过程中的影响因素，构建在形式规则意识和从众心理模型双向作用下智能体的交互与认知，并通过Net Logo平台设置行为规则和参数进行模拟。结果表明：建筑工人的不安全行为与认知过程的失败有关，工人的心理和意识作用会影响认知过程；建筑工人的从众意愿水平越高，群体不安全行为越容易增加；只有管理标准处于较高水平时，形式规则意识才能发挥更大作用，才能纠正工人的安全认知并有效纠正工人的不安全行为；在一定的施工现场环境风险下，形式规则意识与从众心理在适当范围内的交互有利于实现建设项目全生命周期管理。本研究对于深入理解安全认知和减少施工队伍不安全行为具有一定的理论和实践意义。
