主动上学与青少年身体活动和屏幕时间的关联：个体和父母特征是否重要？
The Associations of Active Travel to School With Physical Activity and Screen Time Among Adolescents: Do Individual and Parental Characteristics Matter?
机构信息
School of Physical Education, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan, China.
Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, Pakistan.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2021 Dec 15;9:719742. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.719742. eCollection 2021.
Little is known about the relationship of active travel to school (ATS) with physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) by individual and parental characteristics among adolescents, especially in China. To address the research gap, this study aimed to explore the difference of sex, age, living environment, parental occupation and education level in the relationship of ATS with PA and ST among students of grades 7-12 (aged 10-18 years) using cross-sectional data. In 13 cities of Hubei province, China, students from 39 public schools were recruited to engage in the survey. In total, 5,898 students (response rate = 89.6%) were invited into this study. Participants were required to report their ATS (including its types), PA and ST as well as sociodemographic information using a validated questionnaire. Descriptive analyses were used to report the information of all variables. Regression models were used to analyse the relationships of ATS and its types with PA and ST. In a total of 4,128 participants (boys: 50.9%; younger adolescents: 61.9%) included in the final analysis, the proportion of those with ATS was 47.3%. Regarding the types of ATS, walking accounted for over 30%, while cycling was 13.2%. Participants with ATS were more likely to have sufficient PA (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.14-1.39), especially among boys, younger adolescents and those with lower parental education level. However, ATS was not associated with ST (OR = 0.94, 95% CI: 0.86-1.01). Participants with cycling had a higher odds ratio of being physically active (OR for cycling = 1.47, 95% CI: 1.27-1.70; OR for walking = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.06-1.32). The association of ATS types with PA and ST differed by gender, age, living environment and parental educational level as well as occupations. ATS may be a useful approach to increase PA among adolescents, but this should be explained by individual and parental characteristics.
对于青少年来说，人们对积极出行上学（ATS）与身体活动（PA）和屏幕时间（ST）之间的关系知之甚少，特别是在中国。为了弥补这一研究空白，本研究旨在使用横断面数据，探讨性别、年龄、生活环境、父母职业和教育水平等个体和父母特征对 7-12 年级（10-18 岁）学生 ATS 与 PA 和 ST 之间关系的影响。在中国湖北省的 13 个城市，从 39 所公立学校招募学生参与调查。共有 5898 名学生（应答率=89.6%）被邀请参加此项研究。参与者被要求使用经过验证的问卷报告其 ATS（包括其类型）、PA 和 ST 以及社会人口学信息。描述性分析用于报告所有变量的信息。回归模型用于分析 ATS 及其类型与 PA 和 ST 的关系。在最终分析中，共有 4128 名参与者（男生：50.9%；年龄较小的青少年：61.9%），其中有 ATS 的参与者比例为 47.3%。就 ATS 的类型而言，步行占比超过 30%，而骑自行车占 13.2%。有 ATS 的参与者更有可能有足够的 PA（OR=1.26，95%CI：1.14-1.39），尤其是男生、年龄较小的青少年和父母教育水平较低的青少年。然而，ATS 与 ST 无关（OR=0.94，95%CI：0.86-1.01）。骑自行车的参与者更有可能进行身体活动（骑自行车的 OR=1.47，95%CI：1.27-1.70；步行的 OR=1.18，95%CI：1.06-1.32）。ATS 类型与 PA 和 ST 的关联因性别、年龄、生活环境以及父母教育水平和职业而异。ATS 可能是增加青少年 PA 的一种有用方法，但这需要根据个体和父母的特点来解释。
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