Yang Meng, Zhang Zheng-Chu, Liu Yan, Chen You-Rong, Deng Rong-Hui, Zhang Zi-Ning, Yu Jia-Kuo, Yuan Fu-Zhen
Sports Medicine Department, Beijing Key Laboratory of Sports Injuries, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, China.
Institute of Sports Medicine of Peking University, Beijing, China.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2021 Dec 15;9:773636. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.773636. eCollection 2021.
Bone and cartilage injury is common, tissue engineered scaffolds are potential means to repair. Because most of the scaffold materials used in bone and cartilage tissue engineering are bio-inert, it is necessary to increase the cellular adhesion ability of during tissue engineering reconstruction. The Arginine - Glycine - Aspartic acid (Arg-Gly-Asp, RGD) peptide family is considered as a specific recognition site for the integrin receptors. Integrin receptors are key regulators of cell-cell and cell-extracellular microenvironment communication. Therefore, the RGD polypeptide families are considered as suitable candidates for treatment of a variety of diseases and for the regeneration of various tissues and organs. Many scaffold material for tissue engineering and has been approved by US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for human using. The application of RGD peptides in bone and cartilage tissue engineering was reported seldom. Only a few reviews have summarized the applications of RGD peptide with alloy, bone cements, and PCL in bone tissue engineering. Herein, we summarize the application progress of RGD in bone and cartilage tissue engineering, discuss the effects of structure, sequence, concentration, mechanical stimulation, physicochemical stimulation, and time stimulation of RGD peptide on cells differentiation, and introduce the mechanism of RGD peptide through integrin in the field of bone and cartilage tissue engineering.
骨与软骨损伤很常见，组织工程支架是潜在的修复手段。由于骨与软骨组织工程中使用的大多数支架材料具有生物惰性，因此在组织工程重建过程中提高细胞黏附能力很有必要。精氨酸-甘氨酸-天冬氨酸（Arg-Gly-Asp，RGD）肽家族被认为是整合素受体的特异性识别位点。整合素受体是细胞间和细胞与细胞外微环境通讯的关键调节因子。因此，RGD多肽家族被认为是治疗多种疾病以及各种组织和器官再生的合适候选物。许多用于组织工程的支架材料已获得美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）批准用于人体。RGD肽在骨与软骨组织工程中的应用报道很少。只有少数综述总结了RGD肽与合金、骨水泥和聚己内酯在骨组织工程中的应用。在此，我们总结了RGD在骨与软骨组织工程中的应用进展，讨论了RGD肽的结构、序列、浓度、机械刺激、物理化学刺激和时间刺激对细胞分化的影响，并介绍了RGD肽在骨与软骨组织工程领域通过整合素发挥作用的机制。
