Department of Surgical Science, Oral Medicine Section, CIR-Dental School, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
J Periodontal Res. 2022 Apr;57(2):256-268. doi: 10.1111/jre.12968. Epub 2022 Jan 3.
This meta-analysis of observational studies (PROSPERO registration number CRD42021236054) sought to investigate strength and generalizability of the association of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in subjects with plaque-induced gingivitis and periodontitis, since the data from literature are contrasting.
Case-control and cross-sectional studies, investigating HSV-1 in subgingival plaque/crevicular fluid and periodontal status, were searched through MEDLINE via PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Google Scholar. From each study the crude odds ratio (OR) with 95% confidence interval (95CI) was extracted, and the pooled OR was assessed for periodontitis, chronic and aggressive, and gingivitis. The meta-analytic method was chosen based on the level of heterogeneity. The generalizability of results, determined by the meta-analysis bias, was investigated through secondary analyses including sensitivity analyses for study quality, publication bias, and study inclusion, and subgroup analyses for quality of scientific journals that published the primary studies, world Region, subgingival plaque sampling method and study design.
Twelve studies were included (738 cases, 551 controls). The pooled ORs were 4.4 (95CI, 1.9-10.2) for any periodontitis; specifically, 2.8 (95CI, 1.0-8.3) for chronic periodontitis, 11.8 (95CI, 5.4-25.8) for aggressive periodontitis and 4.8 (95CI, 2.1-11.0) for gingivitis. These estimates were statistically significant, excluding for chronic periodontitis, resulting marginally significant (p = .05). Secondary analyses on any and aggressive periodontitis, and, partly, chronic periodontitis corroborated the results, while the material was insufficient for secondary analyses on gingivitis.
The results obtained indicated that HSV-1 is associated with periodontitis, while data about gingivitis are inconclusive. HSV-1 investigation in subgingival plaque could help assess periodontitis risk and severity and, if causal association were confirmed, could contribute to its control.
本荟萃分析（PROSPERO 注册号：CRD42021236054）对观察性研究进行了研究，旨在探讨单纯疱疹病毒 1（HSV-1）在龈炎和牙周炎患者龈下菌斑中的相关性及其强度和普遍性，因为文献中的数据存在差异。
通过 MEDLINE 下的 PubMed、Scopus、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 检索了调查龈下菌斑/龈沟液中 HSV-1 与牙周状况关系的病例对照和横断面研究。从每项研究中提取未经调整的比值比（OR）及其 95%置信区间（95CI），并评估其在牙周炎、慢性和侵袭性牙周炎以及龈炎中的汇总 OR。基于异质性水平，选择了荟萃分析方法。通过二次分析，包括研究质量的敏感性分析、发表偏倚和研究纳入、主要研究发表的科学期刊质量、世界区域、龈下菌斑采样方法和研究设计的亚组分析，评估结果的普遍性。
纳入了 12 项研究（738 例病例，551 例对照）。汇总 OR 为任何牙周炎的 4.4（95CI，1.9-10.2）；具体来说，慢性牙周炎为 2.8（95CI，1.0-8.3），侵袭性牙周炎为 11.8（95CI，5.4-25.8），龈炎为 4.8（95CI，2.1-11.0）。这些估计值具有统计学意义，除慢性牙周炎外，结果均有统计学意义（p=0.05）。对任何牙周炎和侵袭性牙周炎的二次分析以及部分慢性牙周炎的二次分析均证实了这些结果，而对龈炎的二次分析则缺乏足够的材料。
研究结果表明，HSV-1 与牙周炎相关，而关于龈炎的证据尚不一致。龈下菌斑中 HSV-1 的检测有助于评估牙周炎的风险和严重程度，如果因果关系得到证实，可能有助于控制牙周炎。
