Agbogu-Ike Obiageli Uzoamaka, Ogoina Dimie, Onyemelukwe Geoffrey Chukwubuike
Department of Medicine, Ahmadu Bello University (ABU) Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.
Department of Medicine, Niger Delta University Teaching Hospital, Okolobiri, Bayelsa, Nigeria.
Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes. 2021 Dec 21;14:4889-4902. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S264735. eCollection 2021.
Controversial findings exist on the role of leptin in obesity and its correlation with metabolic variables, with few data emanating from Nigerian-Africans. Plasma leptin was therefore determined in obese and non-obese. Its relationship with obesity indices and metabolic variables were further envisaged.
A cross-sectional comparative study on 87 randomly-selected non-diabetes Nigerians distributed into 3 groups (24 normal, 23 pre-obese and 40 obese). Obesity indices, fasting Insulin (FI) and homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were determined. Plasma leptin was determined by sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Mann-Whitney -test, Independent Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman correlation and Step-wise Multivariate Logistic Regression analysis determined outcomes.
Median+IQR leptin concentrations were higher in obese {61.8(40.8, 91.4) ng/mL, } than pre-obese {42.7(28.0, 51.7) ng/mL, } and normal {28.6(20.7, 39.8) ng/mL, } BMI categories. Leptin was higher () in females than males {Median+IQR, 52.0 (35.0, 80.0) ng/mL versus 34.0(24, 65.0 ng/mL)}. Leptin was positively correlated with body fat percentage (BFP), r=0.57; waist circumference (WC), r=0.46 and body mass index (BMI), r=0.50, , respectively in all subjects, with higher correlation coefficient in males than females. Leptin showed sex-specific correlations to age, FI and HOMA-IR. In the unadjusted models, central obesity/generalized obesity, WC, BMI, BFP, combined pre-obesity/obesity, younger age and female sex were significantly () associated with log-transformed leptin. WC (OR: 1.2, 95% CI, 1.05-1.38, ), BFP (OR: 1.41, 95% CI, 1.07-1.84, ) and BMI (OR: 1.6, 95% CI, 1.13-2.31, ) in men and all subjects, were independently associated with hyperleptinaemia following adjustments.
Plasma leptin concentrations, fasting insulin and insulin resistance are higher in obese and pre-obese than normal controls, with females showing higher leptin concentrations than males. Leptin is independently related to BMI, BFP, WC, female sex and generalized/central obesity in Nigerian-Africans especially males. It showed sex-specific relations to age, fasting insulin and HOMA-IR.
关于瘦素在肥胖症中的作用及其与代谢变量的相关性存在有争议的研究结果，来自尼日利亚裔非洲人的数据很少。因此，对肥胖和非肥胖人群的血浆瘦素进行了测定。进一步探讨了其与肥胖指数和代谢变量的关系。
对87名随机选择的非糖尿病尼日利亚人进行横断面比较研究，分为3组（24名正常、23名肥胖前期和40名肥胖者）。测定肥胖指数、空腹胰岛素（FI）和稳态模型评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）。采用夹心酶联免疫吸附测定法测定血浆瘦素。采用曼-惠特尼检验、独立的克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验、斯皮尔曼相关性分析和逐步多变量逻辑回归分析确定结果。
肥胖组{61.8(40.8, 91.4) ng/mL}的瘦素浓度中位数+四分位间距高于肥胖前期组{42.7(28.0, 51.7) ng/mL}和正常组{28.6(20.7, 39.8) ng/mL}的体重指数类别。女性的瘦素水平高于男性{中位数+四分位间距，52.0 (35.0, 80.0) ng/mL对34.0(24, 65.0 ng/mL)}。在所有受试者中，瘦素与体脂百分比（BFP）呈正相关，r=0.57；与腰围（WC）呈正相关，r=0.46；与体重指数（BMI）呈正相关，r=0.50，男性的相关系数高于女性。瘦素与年龄、空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR显示出性别特异性的相关性。在未调整的模型中，中心性肥胖/全身性肥胖、腰围、体重指数、体脂百分比、肥胖前期/肥胖合并症、年轻年龄和女性性别与对数转换后的瘦素显著相关。调整后，男性和所有受试者的腰围（比值比：1.2，95%置信区间，1.05-1.38）、体脂百分比（比值比：1.41，95%置信区间，1.07-1.84）和体重指数（比值比：1.6，95%置信区间，1.13-2.31）与高瘦素血症独立相关。
肥胖和肥胖前期人群的血浆瘦素浓度、空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗高于正常对照组，女性的瘦素浓度高于男性。在尼日利亚裔非洲人尤其是男性中，瘦素与体重指数、体脂百分比、腰围、女性性别和全身性/中心性肥胖独立相关。它与年龄、空腹胰岛素和HOMA-IR显示出性别特异性的关系。
